Biomedical engineering research laboratories are unique educational settings, supporting exceptionally rich, interdisciplinary learning for newcomers (undergrads) and old-timers (post-docs/Pis ) alike. We have been investigating cognition and learning in two of these labs--- one developing engineered vascular tissue, the other studying 'learning in a dish' -- using ethnographic methods and cognitive historical analysis. Our findings in these innovation communities have caused us to re-evaluate certain traditional characterizations of cognition while revealing structures and principles both situated in the environment, which foster robust, life-long learning on the frontiers of science. Our goal is to translate these findings into design principles for more traditional learning environments. In my talk, I will discuss our findings on both the cognitive and learning fronts.