ࡱ> W :NOQRUVRoot Entry F(@ Data Wt11Table+WordDocumentT  !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNO[XYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~      !"#$%&'()*+,-./01234 789J;h=?@ABCDEFGHITUVWXYZ\]^_`abcdef>i      !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIKVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~      !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~:SRoot Entry F<$ @ Data Wt11TableOc+WordDocument  a clear win Just Id-ing for the user the incoming bus Representing in a useful way the time till the bus that is needed will arrive (see Isaac project the chapter in one of the online documents on representing time for the cognitively disabled) A Panic button for lost cognitively disabled individuals (we really do need a TLA for our population) i.e. how do I know I am lost/late and what will the smart thing do to aid me? A system that informs the rider when to get off The Riders PDA, the Bus Stop, the Bus and some external server all combine to provide assistance this can create very impressive demos (see the Isaac material) but I fear that in the real world this would be too much to expect to function robustly over a long period of time and to have a reasonable cost for the benefit (considering the multiple possible combinatorial breakdown points) design approach (staged innovation close collaboration with Communications Art): building on our experience with the Envisionment and Discovery Collaboratory (EDC) (plus Chess Board) 3D environments (EDC + Jun/Smalltalk substrate) Virtual Reality ( collaboration with CAVE virtual reality researchers kiosk in Coleman Showcase Lab in the Discovery Learning Center (DLC) Focus on the showcase environment as a design environment (with the bus stop as a product of that process) and the need for support of design processes that integrate technology into the world, including participatory design, etc. a facility in the Discovery Learning Center a kiosk/corner as a prototype development for the intelligent bus stop which we can use to demonstrate the concept to do participatory studies with specific disabled communities test environments in Boulder / Aurora real world ( intelligent transit infrastructure another point articulated in the document, which i strongly agree with, is the importance of using scenarios to identify "small and discrete clear win approaches". these become "boundary objects", "intermediate abstractions", and demonstrations of ideas that drive the project (as envisioned in D2, above). The Ultimate Challenge: A Culture Change / A Mindset Change Embracing and Enjoying Public Transportation Systems Making the intelligent bus stop technologies more than just a one way individual use, but that the environment would feed into the larger process of transportation planning. Making connectionsin similar ways to the Japanese devices (Ive forgotten their name) that try to find individuals with similar interests and point out the proximity of such a person, we could expand the idea to transportation issues (ride sharing, carpooling, car sharing, demand-based (call-n-ride) buses). differentiate between: people must take the bus people choose to take the bus question: how bad do things have to get before people give up their cars? challenge: make it fashionable / enjoyable / cool to take the bus (e.g., all my high school buddies ride the bus) be creative: allow people to transport bikes with buses, a question (for CommArts): why and how did the Boulder downtown mall (as a pedestrian area) become a success? The Power of Computation: Making Information Relevant to the Task at Hand  Theoretical Framework Contextualize and Personalize Information UM2001 article with context-awareness HCI-2001 article Collaborations Communications Art Aurora bus stops and bus shelters are part of a larger project Denver 28 th street: Boulder they are not working with the people in charge yet downtown Anaheim (around Disneyland) Houston University of Oregon Appendix: Scenarios for How Things Are and How Things Could Be How Things Are Jim Rebman (Blind Person) question: how you cope with public transportation systems in Boulder This one is fairly easy as Boulder is generally fairly consistently laid out and most of the places I want to go are within reasonable proximity to bus routes. When I first came here I had to learn the rotation of streets and the system of addresses. I did this with the assistance of a human guide who had experience teaching blind people in orientation and mobility (O&M). I eventually learned the places where buses stopped and what routes ran where, and what times they ran -- mostly through the experience of riding them and taking mental notes along the way. I am afraid that most of the techniques I used will not work for a cognitively impaired individual as a lot of memorization and paying close attention to the environment were involved. A street guide or bus route guide will most likely not be too useful unless the information can be represented in some way other than words, lists, or complicated diagrams. question: how you cope with public transportation systems in other cities This really depends on how well the public transportation system works in a particular city. Since I am usually not very familiar with most of the cities that I tend to visit, I generally opt for a cab or similar arrangement. If it becomes really necessary to use the public transportation system and I can't find anybody to give me advice or assistance, I will generally call the transportation provider in the area and try to get as much information as possible. Often times though, there are helpful employees that will assist and give more information. In some big cities it is almost always possible to encounter blind people travelling on public transportation and usually we are more than happy to help each other out (another interesting aspect to the concept of community building). I was able to travel from my parent's house in the Virginia suburbs into Washington DC and back several times to attend a workshop on grant writing though I had never done this before and really had no idea of what to do -- I just called the metro authority and they gave me all the information I needed. I will say that to do this takes a lot of preparation, and I had some of the best O&M instruction available, yet it is still often a quite daunting experience. In most large and unfamiliar cities I will usually find another way to get around especially in the short term. question: what are the major problems you encounter? Mostly it is a question of getting information and in a form in which I can use it conveniently and effectively. Many public transportation providers now have their routes and schedules, etc. online on their web sites, but it is usually in a format that is not accessible with a screen reader. I actually tried to work with RTD on this long before their web site went public, but they never followed through and as a result, their site is not very usable to blind people. The other big problem is what I would describe as learning the subtleties of the locale through experience. For instance, where are the bus stop signs and how do you differentiate them from other traffic signs (this is usually quite easy in the RTD system, but it took an experienced teacher to clue me into that fact) (note the necessity of human intervention). Sometimes, and this can't be overlooked, there are problems with bus drivers who, for whatever reason, don't like disabled people on their buses and are not very helpful and even sometimes downright hostile. Perhaps this stems from the fact that they have to "do more work" with a disabled passenger like securing a wheelchair, calling out stops for a blind person, etc.. This is not as uncommon as you would think. Other minor problems may include things like knowing where and how to pay your fare, if you are getting on the right bus or train, etc. For somebody like myself, I can always ask the driver what route he is (most of them will announce it when they see a blind person at the stop), but for somebody who has limited language and/or assertiveness skills, this won't work. Also at some very busy bus stops where multiple buses line up and leave quickly, it can be difficult to get to the right one before it leaves. Again, sometimes drivers will help out and flag down another bus if the one you are at is not the one you want. Some blind people I know carry cardboard signs with the route numbers printed on them in large type so the drivers can see them from a distance, and I know this also works well for deaf/blind individuals and others I have met with traumatic brain injuries who have severe short-term memory and strategic planning deficiencies. question: do you have a vision of the public transportation system of the future which would make the system much more useful and usable to you! Yes, I have been thinking about these problems ever since I lost my sight. Back in '92 or '93 I submitted an SBIR proposal for a GPS navigation system for blind travelers (with some modifications could be useful for a wide range of disabilities). I partnered with another blind guy and a Lt. Commander in the US Coast Guard whose area of expertise was differential GPS systems. We didn't get funded, but were invited to testify before a congressional transportation and science and technology subcommittee. Last year when I took the UI Design class, I revisited this as part of one of my assignments and I will attach a text file of what I turned in for that assignment -- it deals directly with a Personal GPS system to aid blind travelers. One of the key pieces that I didn't include in this write-up that was in my original SBIR proposal was the concept of tying an emergency information base to the system so that people could get help anywhere anytime and also so that city emergency services could upload real-time data about fires, road and sidewalk repairs, and anything else that would possibly impede a traveler, to the system so that the routing software could redirect the traveler around the trouble spot. It is sketchy and there are a lot more details to go into this, and also this is only one aspect of the system. Other things might include intelligent kiosks, information servers on buses and trains themselves, and accessible signage (there are a couple of companies developing technologies for talking signs). Additional Comments from Jim Rebman I don't think we want to get into technologies whereby the bus stop identifys the person through visual, RF, IR, or whatever kind of sensors. Herre are my reasons. There are already some spooky government agencies that are using these technologies in airports. They are quite sophisticated and can evn identify people who have changed their appearance either through temporary means (growing or shaving off a beard for example), or more permanent ways like radical plastic surgery. This is too Orwellian and the potential for official misuse/abuse is too high in return for little benefit (the person can identify themselves as necessary and should just be "pulling" information from the bus stop.) Other kinds of "push" data can come from the person if desired, but should be dealt with in a seperate GPS-based system as I briefly described in my report (an emergency beacon which can alert care givers, authorities, medical assistance, etc. and does not need to be an integral part of the bus stop). The cost/benefit ratio of this is very high and we most likely don't want the bus stop itself directing people around. Involving the individual promotes more independence and a sense of being in charge of one's own matters. The number of devices and things that a person has to rely upon and think about greatly increases the potential for problems should any part of the technology fail. We should aim to keep most of the technology with the individual so it can be personalized to their needs -- the interactive points (bus stops, kiosks, etc.) should interact intelligently through an agent and give the individual whatever he/she needs from that particular kind of device. The kiosk or bus stop should not be telling the individual what to do based on its assumptions or memory of what that person may have previously requested (I don't think it should be storing any kind of transaction data that can be directly linked to an individual -- general statistical data is fine). How Things Could Be Stefan Carmien: Cognizant Bus Stop Task scenario: Megan decides that today would be a good day to visit her grandmother. She goes to her home-helper screen and puts her palm pilot into its little cradle. She pushes the picture of her grandmother, on the monitor attached to the PC, and then pushes the bus picture (rather than the phone or greeting card picture). Her helper beeps and shows a picture of her front yard when its finished getting ready for her trip. Megan takes the palm pilot out of the cradle and putting on her coat and picking up her backpack leaves the house. She knows that she must go to the bus stop across the street because the picture on the palm pilot shows that bus stop and the voice prompt tells her to cross the street to get to it. She crosses the street and as she reaches the bus stop she touches the bustop picture on the pilot. The pilot says Good Megan, now lets make sure this is the right bus stop! Please stand in the green square and hold me out towards the side that is red. Megan walks into the bus shelter and asks the person standing on the painted square to please move, as she needs to talk to the bus. The man reading his paper looks at her and sees the brightly colored palm device in her hand and moves to the left, saying Sorry, I didnt notice that I was standing on the info square. Megan stands in the square and holds the palm pilot towards the side of the square painted red. In a few seconds the screen on her device shows a swirly pattern the reassures Megan that they are talking about what she wants to do and what is the best plan. The swirly pattern goes away and Megan looks at the screen. Scenario a all is OK: Megan then sees the swirly pattern has changed to a series of progressively larger dots (the Isaac duration indicator see the Isaac project), and a voice says Megan, this is the right bus stop and the bus you want will arrive in five minutes Megan waits patiently for her bus occasionally looking at the changing dot pattern on her pilot, and, when a bus pulls up, looking at her pilot and still seeing the changing dots, continuing to wait patiently. Several times the palms display changes briefly to the swirly pattern but quickly returns to the dots. Just as the last dot turns almost completely white a bus pulls up and Megan walks up the steps. Megans palm briefly goes swirly and the bus driver looks at a LED display located above the entrance door. The driver says Going to Riverside, mam? This is the right bus. Megan goes all the way in and sits in the seat behind and to the right of the driver. The bus pulls out. Scenario b Megan is late: Megan then sees the swirly pattern has changed to a big question mark. She pushes the screen over the image and hears Megan, the bus you want has already left, please wait here for a minute. After a brief wait the screen shows a picture of BJ, her assistive living councilor, and she hers her machine say Megan, please wait here BJ says he will come and help you, remember if you need more help, stand in the info square and push the help picture. Remember stay right here. In five minutes BJ arrives from the assisted living center and takes her in his car to her grandmothers house. Technical Details Megans home is equipped with a visions-like system that synchronizes with her palm device, which has a color screen, 8 Mb memory and a wave file player. The Visions-like system and the palm device share an application that, when she selects a task for the PC system, uploads the images, wave files and task step sequences in the form of a database. This database application logs actions selected with timestamps for both later analysis and intervention when the user becomes stuck. Megan follows the instructions to get to the bus stop and when she goes into the info square she is putting her palm pilot into a position where it can receive messages from an Ir broadcasting network router, with a range of one meter at 30o. The transceiver sends a one to three kilobyte formatted string that her palm application parses to get the information she needs, and while the palm device is receiving the Ir modulated information it displays a recieving data icon. The bus stop broadcasts the updated information every 3 seconds, and the communication is bi-directional so that the system in the bus stop knows who has received the broadcast and when. When the broadcast is successfully received, the kiosk PC transmits to a server the location and identity of the PDA, this can be matched against the trip script that was registered with the server when it was hot-synched to the palm (and thus became active). This log allows the caretaker to be informed of problems, not unlike matching an airplanes actual path against a filed flight plan. (note: I am very aware of the privacy issues that this potentially raises, and would be interested in having conversations with users and caretakers about this) The Ir transceiver is connected to a router that is in turn networked to a small PC with a wireless modem located (except for the antenna) in a sealed, weather & vandal proof box in the ceiling of the bus stop. The PC, router and modem are powered by batteries, which are kept charged by a solar panel on the roof, not unlike emergency roadside phones on highways. The PC communicates with a server at a RTD site that puts together information from schedules, GPS devices on individual busses and weather data to update the PCs in multiple bus stops in the city, each PC being feed the data it needs on a ongoing basis. One possible additional function that this service could provide is a LCD display of the information that is gathered by the PC about the bus system state It could display the scheduled bus arrivals and actual times till the next arrival, not unlike the displays at an airport. The principle is delivering the information in the most appropriate form to the user. The bus is also equipped with an IR router and as Megan goes up the steps it polls her PDA for her trip-script and the intermediate goal of her next bus stop. The buss system then displays the relevant information for the driver, which may include her next bus stop, her ultimate street destination, and some information about her special needs (i.e. blind, cognitively handicapped, Alzheimers etc.). This also has privacy issues; perhaps the information could be displayed for the driver in a more private or coded fashion. In the case of the panic button, the PC, via wireless connectivity, sends a message to a caretaker center, like a 911 center, that receives a message identifying a lost (or about to be lost) person and where they are, and autodials the appropriate caretaker with this data, going from caretaker to caretaker till a touchtone acknowledgement is entered, at which point a message is sent back to the PC at the bus stop with the message that Megan received. All the technology involved in the above scenario currently exists and every part of the system has been implemented for other uses. I will follow this up with a specific list of the detailed hardware and software parts that make up this ready-to-implement system. How much this would cost? Here are some very rough estimates for a prototype. This does not discuss issues like customization, programming, or system hardening (i.e. weather and vandal proofing) and does not implement the LCD display for ordinary users. Handspring Prism* $450 Voice module $150 IR hub** $800 Small form factor PC $600 Batteries & solar $200 Wireless modem $250 --------------------------------------------------------------- TOTAL $2450 Of course I have forgotten to put in a bunch of necessary parts (like the server side which we could simulate with regular wired networking) so we could easily double this and be in the ballpark = $5K for a kiosk, $600 each additional PDA, very roughly. Comment: I expect, because of economy of scale & Mores law that this will come down to about $150 in a year. We can get this hub at about (?) price if we register as a developer with the manufacturer Obviously this is only a first pass at implementing a smart bus stop. Much of the task was based on my own projection of what a cognitively disabled person wants and needs. The technology is relatively easy- what will be difficult is to create a design that delivers the right information in the right form and at the right time. Research needs to be done on prompting systems and interviewing and observing real people with these specific needs. Further, this only describes one part of an (at least) three-part system the configured tool; left to describe are the initial setup and configuration setup and the ongoing maintenance and creating new scripts interfaces and functionality. My anti-motto for this project is that 75% of all of these systems are rotting in a closet because of lack of good design and orientation; this one must not join them. Interestingly enough, the more I think of this project the more it looks like I am designing a tool to make a prompting systems rather than a prompting system alone. This may be one part of our special L3D approach to this design problem. Who is Megan? The target population for this device would be cognitively disabled individuals. From one of Anjes handouts this would be Trainable Mentally Handicapped IQ 55-72 and the upper range of Severely Mentally Handicapped IQ >55. Rather than use diagnostic language it might be more to the point to discuss that the user target population cannot do: They cannot read They have significant memory issues They cannot use abstractions (i.e. symbols have no extensible meaning) Their language is very minimal What they must be able to do: They work well with prompting techniques They are socialized enough to be out in commercial establishments without having/causing problems They have fine enough motor coordination to use a palm pilot sized touch pad (and perhaps the set of keys below). They are sufficiently capable to not lose or damage a palm pilot device We can perhaps also use working definitions from G. E. Lancionis papers (with the caveat that some professionals, i.e. Faye Byrd, have little use for these metrics) e.g Although no recent IQ scores were available for the participants, they were all diagnosed with severe intellectual disability. The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales showed that they subjects had age equivalents of (3-4 years on daily living skills and (1-2 years on socialization. They understood simple verbal instructions, uttered a few words and discriminated the simple, black outline drawings of objects which were used as task instructions. For this scenario we also assume a caretaker who has programmed the palm device for Megans trip. These users need an intuitive interface that is scaled to their level of skills with computers for creating and changing the trip prompting scripts. They will be assumed to be able to compose a letter on a word processor but not much more. NOTE: Leo Burd contributed clarifying questions, Shin'ichi Konomi sparked the original idea and suggested the waypoint function, Rogerio A. dePaula suggested the community extensions (the screen that shows the state if the bus system for ordinary people), Faye Byrd looked at it from a caretakers perspective (and pointed out where Megan would sit and what the panic button should say) and Anja Kintsch reminded me to let the user know what was going on. The Isaac project:  HYPERLINK "http://www.certec.lth.se/english/Isaac/" http://www.certec.lth.se/english/Isaac/ Clockoclock (includes applets demonstrating various time representations):  HYPERLINK "http://www.certec.lth.se/english/clock/" http://www.certec.lth.se/english/clock/ Appendix: What is out there Shinichi Konomi: A bus location system using smart phones (Kyoto, Japan) Kyoto Municipal Transportation Bureau and ASTEM RI (a research institute funded by the city) started a bus location service called Poke-Loke (Pocket Bus Location System) in August, 2000. People can use various types of popular smart phones (including iMode, EZWeb, J-Sky, HLINK) or personal computers to display information about buses that are currently approaching to a specified bus stop. Users need to select a bus stop and a bus number in order to display information. Location information is updated every minute. They may reload the page to obtain up-to-date information. Intelligent Transportation Systems of America web page and mission statement at:  HYPERLINK http://www.itsa.org/whatitsa.html http://www.itsa.org/whatitsa.html Then go to the Talking Signs homepage at:  HYPERLINK http://www.talkingsigns.com http://www.talkingsigns.com and read the "technical details" link and the "How talking signs work" link. extrapolate the concepts to the cognitively-impaired community, and you can see the incredible potential. Brief Description of CommArts, Inc. Designs in Urban Transit , CommArts, Inc. has designed a number of improvements to the basic fabric of urban transit. In Boulder, Colorado, CommArts has developed a design strategy branded as "Go Boulder" to humanize, add warmth, color and meaning to a number of popular bus lines. Graphic design programs coordinated with unique bus route names (the Hop, Skip, Jump, Leap, and Bound) that speak to the routes, regions and reasons for each service area have been used to build a recognizable identity for the RTD system that is generally more appealing and fun to use. Busses are readily recognizable as they travel around the city, and riders in the system typically know more about where the busses go because they have seen them around town. Typical RTD busses tend all to look the same, making it difficult for users to know and remember where the various routes go. Go Boulders busses make it possible for bus riders to identify personally with their bus, building ridership in the whole system. Go Boulders bus system has the added advantage of serving visually disabled riders better than a standard RTD system can. Each of the different busses in the system have radically different color schemes associated with them, making it easy to recognize them at a distance, easy to differentiate them at transfer stops, and generally easier for people to identify them with reduced visual capability. CommArts has also designed a number of urban streetscapes that include transit infrastructures. In these projects, CommArts has made an effort to humanize the places where people wait for their busses by providing ample benches and shelter from the elements in a design vocabulary consistent with the shelters surroundings. CommArts has found that in situations where riders cannot be helped to identify with their busses directly, street signage and lights can build an identity for the route on which the bus runs. By integrating bus shelters into a broader urban identity program, transit ridership can be made more intentional, deliberate and efficient. Public transit is made a feature of the urban fabric, rather than being relegated by appearance to second class status. In contrast to the above, there is a class of "hard" problems with public transit that result from infrastructural issues within the urban fabric in which our transit systems operate. Response time, for example, is inadequate for many potential riders who will not wait the time it takes for a bus to arrive. Additionally, suburban sprawl the dominant urban fabric of most American cities creates distribution networks fundamentally incompatible with public transportation systems. (Public transportation favors ring or grid topologies, where sprawl favors dendritic ones.) These "hard" problems may respond either to careful urban redevelopment, or to alternative transit systems- in either case requiring significant and costly community effort. They are largely outside the scope of this document. The final class of problems relates to the quality and quantity of information available to riders while they plan a trip, wait for their ride, or while they are in transit. These problems are in many ways a more granular version of the "soft" problems identified above. And while these problems are problems for any and all transit riders, there are special instances of each for riders with physical and cognitive disability that deserve more detailed attention and analysis. It is this class of problems that we believe will most effectively yield to technological intervention of the sort under investigation through the Coleman Grant to the University of Colorado, and particularly to the work underway in the Center for Lifelong Learning. All of these transit problems seem to have a few simple problems at their root. Riders need to know how their transit system works, how to use it, and they need status information as they use it. In addition, riders want to feel comfortable and to be treated with as much humanity as possible while they are using the system. The simpler and more universal the answers to these root problems are, the better and more efficient the transit system will be. Specific informational problems may yield to digital mediation of some kind. Granularity can be added to bus schedule information by letting bus shelters "know" and communicate where all the busses on their routes are any given moment. Bus shelters can provide proposed routing information to riders ("How do I get from point Here to where I want to go, and how long will it take?") Communication between driver and rider can be facilitated by letting waiting riders speak to a driver en-route. But it is essential that the system work in the widest range of situations and for the widest possible range of users. An intelligent transit infrastructure must include careful consideration of all aspects of the rider experience without the exclusion of any potential user. This likely would include targeted customization of transit information, possibly delivered to PDA's or some other personalized display. It also depends on careful design of the complete rider experience, and on a careful integration of both the physical and the virtual, the passive and the active. We believe that the best and most universally effective solutions to the problems of contemporary public transit will of necessity speak both to humanization of the physical infrastructure, and to the timely and targeted application of a new digital layer of information that adds universality to the system, and peace of mind to its users.  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Levin Kevin SteinkePatrick Canning John Cleave joan king Joan King Kristy FoxMichaelKorcuska Mike Korcuska Lee Guthrie Scott FriendMark SmithivasSupportJeff LaufenbergKass Brian PostDave GuralnickAnn-Marie McHugh Brenda Strong Gabriel BonneMSTStacie S. Hagan Stacie HaganAndersen Consulting Lisa M. Roen David LungrenSteven Slomiany Geri Smith Anne Northrup Greg Saunders INTERSOLVOrtony Shawn Yardley Alex Kass The ILSRobert W. WeeksLeigh Thompson#Institute for the learning Sciences Franziska Lys avid M. HullRadinskyThe CoVis ProjectBethany Johnston MarshallAuthorized User$Lesbian Gay Bisexual Resource CenterThe University of Texas Karen EiknerCharles A. Dana CenterThe Charles A. Dana Center..CAREHalley A. Merrell Saran Jane David MolinaTSS Connie Stout!The University of Texas at AustinlkellyDwight SweeneyDwight P. SweeneyDr. Robert B. JacksonBrenda B. CasperHeroldM. J. WaterwayJacquelyn JimenezUT Inventory #640064TETNWalter M. StroupMath Ed ResearchThe Universityoof TexasSybil Kelleher Jada NealLearning Sciences Corp. Wendy BowerThomas W Zielonka'The Institute for the Learning Sciences Amy MelnicsakDenise Conanan Steven Feist Beth van EsDonna L. SchanckjmelchiRoscoe C. Giles John Toole Denis Newman Chris HartmanChristopher HoadleyJulie Ann Scherer Amy LewisTerry MiddletonAugustina Biosic9 o Ralph ManakMichael SimkinsMarion CollinsFPPCQ Karen SmythInternational Programs Kate O'RourkeDaniel W. Morris Bill WrightVarlam Chkuaseli Kinney Thiele Herman GyrMaura A. Kendrick Kim Norman Larry Ruch National MCNEMCRegistered User Bruce AzumaJoe McLaughlinJulie A. Miller Mark TrippelSMCBrian D. Eustis Paul H. MoorePennzoil Company Jeff BalentinJeffrey Park JonesEDSJeff Balentine Bill Dahm tim schuehlerRJ Peggs Bob Lockhart Karen MillerRandee Greenleaf Nguyen Chuong Paul S. MyersVaughan MerlynCBIBarrington Womens Club Ernst & YoungErnst & Young LLPClara Mortimer Teresa Manco Eliot MeadowTimothy R. CormanGary Hershorin Lynda CarterDr. James A. RodegheroWright, Denise Norma Barrett Rudy RugglesPeter S. Greis Donna NufrioArthur AndersenSheely RichardMarilyn Gillette ERNST & YOUNG Monica SaigalNATIONWIDE INSURANCEMetLifeEast Great LakesKaren Manteneri - E&Y LLP John Malone Danny BlonienKerry NewberryJane Kleymeyer Dan GilbertJeffrey R. Youngericbl Mark BoraoWEST MCWest Cindi WatkinsRod BrindamourThomas TompkinsSteve Robinsonj d Nora HannaSuzanne K. LowingJ D Thomas Hallet Atlanta SMC Roger LehmanManagement ConsultingErnst & Young, UserRandall RussellFrances GartzkeKathleen M. Gehrett Dallas SMC Sarah Davis Phyllis Parma David SimpsonHeather Hembly Trevor AllenWest MC Al HersheyErnst & Young, Mike Thomas Ken Winter John DublerRobert A NieuwenhuizenCarrie Phillips Monica BhideJennifer J. PfaffKathleen M. UngerPhilip FriedlanderMonica PetersenEmployeeb96613Douglas S. EthierWest MC - PhoenixBellSouth Wireless Rich Marr/SMC Rich MarrJeffrey W. Miller AssociateSMC\Ernst & YoungHoechst CelaneseJames K. Mayes Michael Kurbs ann brickley R. B. CecilDebbie AlbertiniAlain Benedetti Dave SchraderMel Barracliffe Steve Ingram Rick CollinsSusanna Caterina Ventura Mike Minor Ian Stuart Gail L. Stein Anita Hatch Debra SpinksPiero Colonna di PalianoPolitecnico di Milano - D.E.ME210 Kristin BurnsGwendolyne WoodCenter for Educational Tech.Wheeling Jesuit College B. HowardClassroom of the Future Alan Drysdale MackowiakHelena A. DooleyAlan E. Drysdale NASA/LSSCM36356Todd C. Arnold LSSC / NASAPayload ManagerNASA Susan KasicaClara M. AndersonCathy Lewandowski-Scoggins Arden Belt Bob Yarbrough Darwin Brown mel hefter Karen Crook Teri Lohningkollers alan drysdaleE6071 LSSC / NASAmorgan ic;*.dib;LSSF Dick StrayerISER Jack KruseMichael Hunt JonesMarilyn Walker Carl D. Howe Shehab NawawiTony Adam Tratt Manish Vij Sam HobsonThomas Minsker Dr. C C REDDY Laura ShawneeMitchNTTC Amster HowardC. Daniel Miller Allan PerezMITRE Gayle WixGuerin C. Goldsmith Ken Hanes David Garbin LM Hazzard Thomas Fowler Mike ChisholmEdward S. Talley Jeff DaulerBBN Laura Murdy Kim BicknellTricia Petrosillo Bruce RosenNancy Kay Sturm#Center for Educational Technologies Bruce HowardAdministration CenterElaine ColemanirlIRL Gayle Britt Wadi HaddadWadi D. Haddad Martha AgredaSaxe Jim SlottaL LadaoJoseph KrajcikCarolyn Staudt Shea McGovernDixonRussell G. ComgaltonSASPG Rebecca Boger Sherry Hsi Kristin Barrbthomas Kate Harvey Robert Rieger Freda Husic Jeff & CaceyElsebeth SorensenMichael GtzschebjeremyCollege of Arts & SciencesMichael CapetoTimpreferred customer Maria Blanton James KaputEric R. HamiltonLawrence E. Brandt - CISE/ASCDASCLawrence E. BrandtV.GREGGGDE Systems, IncPDC LabGDE SYSTEMS Inc.GDE SYSTEMS, INC.cpg....Keith ThurstonAlison RichardsMichelle Boyette Caryn ReadingJennifer KaganMeredith Ittner Rita Oates Production Heidi Gilman Pat ThompsonJamal Z Bernhard Elise Harmon Janet Utech Gina Funaro Joanne LobatoJuline AguilarBonnie Schappellemwalker Tom GondaRichard D'Andrea Alan Bishop Brock AllenKingKevCollege of Art & Sciences Helen DoerrJoanna O. MasingilaSarah SupulskiSarah BerensonCollege of Ed & Psy 420 PMac 05 420 PMac 117500 11Michael J. JacobsonLUCIAJTOSEMANAAASJo Ellen RosemanKelvin E Bennett Peter Taylor Site License - Curtin UniversityF J & PA FORSTERFischer Uni Bremen Thomas PutneyGraduate School of EducationWilliam Prothero Jim GaskellDG IIIDDAF 69Pascal et EricadejongKarine RobinaultCOASTUMR GRIC CNRS LYON IIGECCRIBIM CLIPS/IMAGPierre-Yves Raccah medves nino Equipe IHMPTFranz Peter SeilerprennouMRASH rossi marioKohler Etienne KLEIN Grard COLLETKh LaiEMSECOLONNAAlbert Chr. PaulsenUMR GRIC COASTComputer Based Learning UnitP.T.D.E.DP KONIAS MIXAHLMarie Genevive Sr weil-barais TRIBOULET Meg MORLEYuser Sylvain AubinCORPORATE FINANCE David KellyMarge McKinnonregina schmitt BOYD ALANsoretNonameRon and Syl SamborskiMiriam Reiner.miriamrContinuing StudiesHans E. FischerKrster guess whoRosemarie TempleM. TolanBBCDept. of Education K. HolderK.HOLDER C.S.S.M.E. Keith HolderNorbert Pachler Unknown UserPhilippa Chloe PoutComputer Services Adrian WhealElizabeth Newmanadmin computing user supportADMIN COMPUTING SERVICES Roger Gair ADMIN COMPUTING SERVICES M51/007 David TaylorDepartment Of Educationadrian hollidayJane HuddlestonDidaktik der PhysikHorstptdeDemoCEPHYLEN/LABO DIDASCO Votre nomLaurent Veillard.Mits/ '/ _Garo Bisdikian_ Lorenza Grard COLLETKh LaiMarie Genevive Sruser prennouOphthalmology & OrthopticsBERNARD GARNIER MAClient PrferChristoph KodronH.KodronHK David YeomansSchool of PCET Allan Martin S S Jordan s s jordanDr. E.J.Foster Stephen Bax Mary Haggard Rob Nanstad iris randall nicky_lucasHolliday Gary HepburnfeldmanJean I. FeldmantechctrHH jean feldmanScotty & Angie Scott & Angie Ray CalabreseScott Alan WestMikeSusan N. BoyerPFPPPP8PPbPq/ '/ H"0 1KG$KF$KP$KH$KK$KO$HfHfHfPaul GathercoalSteve McElfresh& Youngic*.dib?4 IyThe California State Universityz Mary Roberts&Cal State Monterey Bay|(CSU Montere ^francisProgress Indicator Data SourcesNotes"Implementation Patterns and Issues6Number and characteristics of participating classrooms*Winter 99 Teacher SurveyqNo. of teachers implementing GLOBE, types of classes or other settings involved. Survey data available from Yr 3mExtent to which various components (e.g., learning activities, visualizations) of GLOBE are being implementedbNumber of students involved with each component in typical week. Survey data available from Year 3GModels for implementing GLOBE at classroom, school, and district levels) establishment of communities of learners Site visits<Distribution of GLOBE components across class/grades/schools curriculum integra-tion! involvement of outside resourcesQChallenges encountered in implementing GLOBE and strategies for dealing with them Site VisitsnInclude curriculum integration, lack of time, funds, administration support. Survey data available from Year 3Effects on Teachers:Effectiveness of GLOBE teacher training and other supports+ expected utility of potential enhancementsPost-training QRsFDesirability of potential supports. Survey data available from Year 3 %Impact of GLOBE on teaching practicesMTo come from on-site observations and interviews. Data available from Year 2Impact on Schools/School ReformIncreases in collaboration, interdisciplinary approaches, technology use, use of outside resources, organizational supports for inquiry approaches fostered by GLOBE0To come from on-site observations and interviews( relate to community of learners conceptEffects on Students(Attitudes and interest regarding science*Student SurveyData available from Year 3 /Understanding of environmental science concepts environmental awarenessWeb Assessment Pilot data available from Year 3OSkills in measurement, data interpretation and manipulation, and technology use-Web assessment to include data interpretation data available from Year 2Contribution to Science&Size and consistency of GLOBE data setStudent Data Archive6Extent to which student data are accurate and reliableused by scientists*Science PI Survey Publications$Correlates of Quality ImplementationSite and training variables associated with implementation of more components (e.g., learning activities and data analysis as well as data collection)Franchise Survey9Analysis requires teacher-supplied data on implementation will do in Year 5USite and training variables associated with more sustained and broader data reportingCan begin analysis in 98-99Gregory N. CoxCCTSchool of Education NATALIE SAMANJoanne Mckenzie Tom HinojosaPatricia Schank Linda Polin Jane DavidShields-EstradaPatrick Shields John Kalb Randy HaykinAdvent Software, Inc.Piperakis, Andrea Prescott LeeAlice K. M. Hayashi Bob Bermant`i?bP[Dean Hargreaves Bob McCown Michel DcaryMei Chen Nancy TorbitAlenoush SaroyanSteve MatthewsCheryl AmundsenCheryl Amundsen Kathryn Barker IT Services Donna BoychukBrokInstitut for KommunikationMary Wildner-Bassett Robby Robson Tan Grimes Erika Arias yunwen ye Yunwen Ye Wayne WardDonna CaccamiseComputer Science DepartmenttcycharlesCandyStephen DarwallPiotr MichalowskiISSS Heinz SchoolDesktop ServicesDLIGeorge W. FurnasSILS ITSKim M. Morrisson Michael CohenSchool of Music Mary SimoniBarbara SimonsnotkinSchool of Information StudiesMilton Mueller ISSS-Lester Dennis NealeShanan G. GibsonMary Beth RossonChristine Holmfelt Gary S. BrownLeonard FerrariAdministrative Client ProjectVa TechJurgen Koenemannjim Jim Helms Josef FinkAUnknown EMILIANIhans-guenter.lindnerTommaso BurgassiDIMMK Daniel Dunlap Axel PoignMarc Hassenzahl BuchbinderProf. Dr. Jochen PrmperRichard Winett(College of Human Resources and Education Thomas HeadlincLiNCA-TechATECH COMPUTER LAB Lindsay Bowen Scott Case Richard NanceAlistair SutcliffeHCI Lab TSS WSS USER Jeff KenyonGil Richardson lila lauxJose C. Castillo Jim DubinskyJames M. DubinskyStephen G. Thoams David FaraceKen ReifsniderFEORCCharles Bostian Scott MellerTAT john haake Mike MillerCathy S. Scotto Division 5606Cathy S. ScottoBernadette MondyMatthew WinstonCollege of EngineeringUniversity RelationsCWTWillard W. Farley Wim J. LamMarca J. Lam-AndersonAUTHORIZED GATEWAY 2000 USERGateway Authorized CustomerRobert W. Soutas-LittleProf. Harley H. CudneyJoyce BartlettLouise S. Shwartz Philip SpeserFred J. Kohout 486 Master M. RobertsPeter M Nessen OUSD(A&T)Joshua GotbaumLtCol John SeibertDesiree Pavlicmoulding Sue DouglasclamantdbaldwinSPA SPA, Inc. Karen Kolen Carol SzotCTC Betts E. JohnIrv BlicksteinoasdSECDEFWilbert D. Pearson US ARMY SARDARobert N. MiglinOSDAsst. Dir ARPA Bob Reddy Jill AveryCol. Robert Reddy larry cogley Roy H. SennKaman Sciences CorporationSusan TSusan TurnbachKaman Sciences CorpNAMEMIS Ass't DirectorA B Technologies, Inc. Sonia Feiler George Moe R. Lapinski Bo Filanowicz Col Hartz Craig Rabb Steve Gehring Daniel C. DoeIDADebbie Edentonsee network administrator Steve GriffinChristopher DiPetto HQ ACC/DRSAFNET Guy Higgins P. J. BulgerASC/EN Kurt Stand Chris DiPettoGARTH VAN SICKLEdcs Al RainisJohnL.A. AIR FORCE BASE harry hopkins Bob Adkinson 43 CS/SCSCFrank Maginnis Carl SchaeferBetty HollomanESC/ENABW/SAMiMian2ents afforded by such centers (by October 1, 2000): and, An assessment of the number of staff years of efforHSC/PKR #23WHCY5Kenneth G. DoughertyCSA T.R. WithersOASD C3I CISA UserJohn E. WaltersJCS Desktop IVRebecca S. P. WillseyRebecca S. WillseyKathleen A. ReganOUSD(A)Rome LabVirgil HertlingScott A. Foreman, 1Lt Code 5320 User NameOUSD (A&T)/DT&E Bob O'Donohue MARIO MIRANDAMaj Becky BeamanAFMC Marty JacobspalmergMichael B. Leahy JrASC/XR Brian KosmalLAI Rob Alfordclpetrin Jim WithamcliettCraig RandolphWL/DOIMAaron HenningsgaardRobert BurlesonPaul Gallagher gene meieran Otis Nettles Pat Heimbach bette & bill Louis S. Fuse Lisa Stout Judi BallWilliam A.J. KirknerSpace Electronics Division Tom Zemkenonell Larry GoodellBarry S. Watson Michal Safar Mike Ross Unassigned Fred ColemanYour Name Here Carol S. SzotCharlie Bocook Paul Hambrock Jeanie WoodsJohn Gilchrist Bob Klaus Lou SimplemanAthena Merrill Yee Your NameNAMOMichael Mitchell WILLY WILLARDrdehnertSpecs & Standards Reform Ed HiehlenaylorGRACEASCEN John J. ClarkScott D.McLennanScott D. McLennanJames Edward Giles III Ruth ColtartDennis N. Lauercoltart Wojciechowski Frank Lane Frank A. Lane Mary Grafton OUSD (A&T)Kathleen Ferguson C. Jordan Al HauklandJacqueline M. Lawes Tom HaferBase Transition User Spanky KirschHERSHDSChuck Marshall John S. Eicke Jeff GravattJon BergBeers and CutlerDennis WightmanLarry S. KlapperWilliam A. RossNAVAIR Bill Hong William Hong'PO# 5130963 Disk Dupe for Windows V4.2cNed H. Criscimagnawilliam tagliaferri mthompson Ellen Walker2IIT Research Institute Ellen WalkerC. Richard UnkleDennis R. HoffmanPeter B. Lakey Darrell Bartz Donald ThomasAnn Marie NeufelderMICHAEL E. BROOKSmtimmonsCSERIAC Program Office Steve FlintER DirectorateRome Laboratory Site LicenseDMR Group, Inc. Anne HudsonRichard HudsonPatrick T. HetheringtonNatalie Nodianos CRAIG BOOTHSHEREE LIPINSKI Asst Director NGB-ARP-PP$Army National Guard Readiness Center Michael HayesssdcaaaWestfields Registered UserDARODavid & Bobbi TraskDoDdaroNAVAL AIR SYSTEMS COMMANDTerkeeta Denson DIANNE MCFALL David Zink Dave Craig Doug Bowen Rich MouldinDaria Ma Peter AthanasMarten de Vries1Lowell BallardN??sburlingScott R. Macrae Scott MacraeCtr for Trans. ResearchMathematics DepartmentTHE ADHESION SCIENCE LAB Craig RogersInformation Systems John DillardMary Lou Bourne Zachary Adams Wayne Donald Alice WalkerRGSCustomer Support Manager"Center for Transportation Research Robert JamesTracey Talley SchroederArvindLeadership AssociatesVA TECHA&S Deans Office Lisa YoungPersonnel Services Deborah YoungGayle SteinbergMike Chamberlain joanne eustisPaul Alison Cumbee Doug SmileyEHSSEnv. Health & Safety Services Edith hampton Brian DailyISIS Brenda HusserManager, PhotoGraphic Services Jack LeskoCE Computer LabLambton CollegeBUILDING CONSTRUCTION VA TECHDr. Flynn L. AucheyEric Showalter Lay Nam ChangJoseph S. Merolarobin panneton cooper John FicenecSigrid B. GustafsonNirbhay N. SinghNicole JalbertEducation Technology LabBiological Sciences InitiativePatricia BevanCarmel VaccareDavid Carter-TodBrenda W. ShirleyAcademic EnrichmentMuriel KranowskiSonja B. Sperlich Laurie GoodComputer Network Liaison Scott DoronAnnette Roper DoctorrgsMorino Tracy Baynard Cathy Lange Mario MorinoShannon Haworth_b Peter Bostrom Neil Oatley Bill CoolLinda G. SowersLB. J. W. CasstevensKelly Jackson-HigginsInformation Resources Rick VegaCheryl Collins James PageMario M. Morino Gabie Badie Rana JaffanGuest PCGeorge Gingerelli Bill BarbourGerald A. Stratford Ned Lilly Jean PollyCarolyn RedmonSharon SchmittMorino Kevin DolanMario M. Morino Diane PerlmanSchone Malliet Legent Corp. US Army Sales Team Eval Software JEFF CLEATONLegent CorporationLEGENTLegent Liz Satriano DAVE CONNELLCristin Juli AckermanAndrew McCasker Walt Thomas Dennis GreenAnbu AlagarsamyLisa V Molesworth Marty RobinslegentAmy L. Anderson Craig Moore Butch RambishTerry Meredith Luis Motles Joe MonteilGeorge Alan EsworthyTim J. HofmannWannetta G. HesterJennifer Welti Anders Hall Legent CorpValued CustomerPeter Bostrom. Jeff CleatonZimri C. Putney  Howard Hyle Intouch 5 David BurkeAlistair CampbellNicole Messina Fran Witzel Dave Burke Leslie Burke Clair Sassin Tim MeyersxTxhxixjxmxs_#__!_   D" _ Sx_ _OP__^em_ &  B_______x__|"!#$(01*46789J:KNTWXZYU_Vf`c_d_g_jpnt_ _ _ x z! ____0 ______EF__ Theresa Cobb Anne LordJohn D. Liebengood Rob Doolittle Karina Oyola Holly CappsSteve FleckensteinJohn M. McCannStephen T. ShoaffEDACThomas P. CarusoUOIPHyerShannon Jeff CrowderV P E CMichael J. MartinVTIPMats W. JohanssonJohn G. Kuykendall, PE, VINCE MILLER Debra BalesSuzanne TuggleJan SchoonmakerEricRobert E. Curtis Eliza TseISE Dept John WilsonErin S. ChampagneInformation Processing Donna S. PittDon G. Creamer Joyce MoserLaurie ZuckermanLarissa ChadwickMark A. Manross John Phillips Robert BatesWillard FarleyCWTLABDean of Students Justin SegerKenneth A. Gilbertcaus Sally SteeleRichard Steele Bob StempleJoan Myklebust Bruce ChalouxMats W. JohanssonAhmed M. Darwishosman Wayne ErchakAhmed M.Darwish Lee Kok SengChen Ru Dan Lough Suzanne KellyPatrick MillerPat Roth Virginia TechDenise Linkenhoker Vocational & Technical EducationTechnology EducationCommunications Network LiaisonBrendaPhotoGraphic Services RGS Admin Kathy SurfaceVA TechACPPatricia Arvin JacksonPatricia Jackson Nick StoneDr. Joyce F. Williams-Green Landrum Cross Cathryn GoreeCET Vasti Torres Diane Cooper James Reaney(Derita Ratcliffe- Office of Student life BELL ATLANTICJim Reidenbach Diane HortonDepartment of PhilosophyEnglish DepartmentGlenn McGee PhD Alva PhillipsKatkins Paul DolezelLou Ann Phipps Bell Atlantic Judy Lilly Erv BlytheJohn AnderjaskaDiane Gallagher Eric W. RabeAndrea Ted Hudacko stratecomKathryn French Stacey RennerBacusConfiguration ManagementFrankie RussellMary Salisbury Ken Cutler Mary RalstonDaniel O'Callaghan Andrea JensenMelanie Shaver Eugene LewJohn R. GauthierElizabeth A. VanStoryPeter SchirlingPeter W. Adams Don Albert(College of Forestry & Wildlife Resourcesb?b2Cno-HigginsTginso Morino l Softwareg Neil Oatleyo9 .U3Legent Corp. (Mario MorinoLegent Liz Satriano Mario Morino Class & CompvcuHuman Resource DivisionWork and Family ResourcesVCUMarilyn CovingtonHuman ResourcesCarol E. Dutcher Janice McBeeF. M. Anne McNabbHotline Operators Martin DanielSusie SillimanRobert T. SumichrastTracy Gasperini Nick PalmieriRichard AlvarezEHSS Authorized UserComputer Science Dale D. LongKaren E. Akers Janet Sanders KhromenkovOffice????????Vadim PanioutaWord????FranzUser???????? ?????????????? ???????vpAlexandre Katalov Sergei SpilkaNo ???? ? ??Serge Fort DialogueYuri Voituckevich124 Kevin BeigelMarianneRONMalcolm McPherson Marc AbramsMelanie GeorgeChristine C. HolmfeltCharles W. BostianScott F. Midkiff Bob Keddell Sherry BarrChristine Truett Joy ColbertGeorge Glasson Derring02Jeffrey Frykholm Andrew Dillon Gautam PatelFOBEdith Cowan UniversityJJudgePBDACR/DJWdonddkFaculty of Business..Faculty Of BusinessStandingSweettFaculty of BusinessMike and Linda MorrisViswanath VenkateshAndrew & Marian Robert DownesOUSD-PRRhonda LandersDavid E. CloughMichael LightnerCIPScips Stadium Lab Carolyn JamesagormanPC Will Toor Will's Brainwyf[^bauerTPWbauermaJohn CherniavskyAT-HCI Laboratorypam cole Hanna HanSean FryXavier PachecoconnorshosomTESTERdan Akira MiyakeDr. Marcel Just Marcel Just Priti Shah Amy Howerter Mike EmersonScott A. Hawkins Elaine Smith Dan Kimberg%Speech, Language and Hearing SciencesCynthia A. EckleyNeuroepidemiology BranchBruce A Robertson Jenni ApplebyJenni jenny applebyHerman Buschke jim hoeffnerJ0zfPriti Shah, Ph.D. Rae Sullivan Mark D Grosstjung Mark Gross Tasha Morris Daiyo Sawada AdministratorTolmanF.Tolman Mark Mooiman Hans Schevers Chuck EastmanEastmankhanh Canan E. NLAutodesk, Inc. Don HarrisB. Dwayne Mitchell Mark WeismanDr. SadrMWK bookeditorRobin DrogemullerGodfried Augenbroe Jim Craigaerospace engineering Don Brown Jeff Simon Eddie HoldBonnie Jean GibbsDave MazzuchelliAuthorized CustomerHarvey J. Hindin Greg WiseRichard L. Ptak Jasmne Noel Tony Iams VersprilleKen Versprille Greg WeissMike LebrasseurConstance J.S. PhilipsWilliam A. Estrem Jasmine Noel Terrance Ngai Gregory Weiss Bill BradleyParker Nichols CompanyAngela GoodwinTerry RAYNSFORD Susan Barnumklb Wally ColeGeneralD. Christine LehmkuhlEngineering System SupportAlpha Personal SystemspavDigital+CSG - Howard Drobner - PKO3-1, DTN 223-5081Dave Cox Tom RarichThomas D. RarichProduct ManagementMelissa Phelan Kim GerrardDenise Favorat Alan GoldmanESS Sal Capizzi NCR AssociatenorriaSPHALEN Will RobinsonDeloitte & Touche ConsultingCHICAGO OFFICEJoseph J. Byrne Atlanta MC Russ Madlenerv-jschar Lori Merrick mary kirkDoreen KindredSue ConstantinidesElizabeth Cundiff Nev GroveTAZ Ishel K. Idme Anne DenskBULL SA Tom PfaeffleOracle Corporation Marc Halpern John Collins Helen Parr Bill Moransgibbs Bruce VesseyMargaret HendreyLaurie S. GoodmanAlastair WatsonW. Haascs_s455NameAuthorised UserWatsonDr Yacine RezguiKeng LimPRO_02Kostas Terzidis Anders EkholmSverker FridqvistPowerMacintosh User Henri Achten Osman AtamanmdgEthan B. deFreesAnnalisa Dixon Joo Bento MS - FCCN/1/8 Protocolo MS/FCCN - Joo AzevedoJoo Afonso R.S.Pereira Bento Joao Matos WAUTERS FILIP Jo o Bento John GeroVladSystems ManagerFaculty of Health Sciences SecretariatGraham FindlayRaymond PatmanR.PatmanPlanning Support OfficeLegal Peter SwanDepartment of Finance Claire Baxter Paul MartinAccounting & Finance Mike AitkenDeacons Graham & James Shanna MoyesSchool of AccountingMichael BriersPeter F LuckettDept of Accounting & FinanceStephanie Choong Peter Booth Hani AhadyaniIan A. Gilhooley MIS Division DIS Division%Divisi Depositori dan Informasi Saham!Divisi Sistem Informasi ManajemenKevin CampbellFaculty of Economics & CommerceInformation Services BranchFacility Management Branch Alec Duncan. Peter GossChris JenningsInformation Technology Ross McLeod Stewart Joy ALAN WONG John Goodhew Jon Rosalky Deirdre McKayFaculty of ScienceKim SchwietersFinance Paul SlaterINTERNAL AUDIT AND REVIEW UnimutualLynette VincentEMERGENCY DEPARTMENTDavid WeisbrotVice Chancellors Office Fay Sudweeks ??? & ???RockyJ OngMonteiroRabee Carlos DamskiCynthia RobertsYum, Kwok-KeungMarkus HorstmannKwok-Keung Yum Steve Marz Jeff Holttrl22620 Ian DaggerCSIROCarlosGovind S ShankarR PatmanChair, Academic BoardFaculty of AgricultureDEDEMary Lou Maher Hal Radin$Oracle Systems (Australia) Pty. Ltd.Darren RushworthVincent Waising Fung Compucon UserbreKrassimir BenevskiGeospatial Analysis Centerpedlove EASSHERIFProf. Mark BurryBrian Hennessey George SiatosStephen J WalshIan LimAnna Call DeskNelson Frank KennedyF.P. & C.G. Kennedy iCON UserRoger HadgraftComputer Centre John Smith Bob Williams R.F.Peelen ROKITANSKI Bart Coenen Kai BogenPer Jarle Furnes Debbie Powell Vicki TutungiDr Lionel Pullum Selwyn Tucker Rhyll Reed John Thomson MARIA CATANIA Helen HammondConstruction MaterialsAHURIPat Kubiliunas Jeff SymonsWELSH Phil HaseldenVinceFire TechnologyAngelo Delsante David McKayDavid Howard Leslie Steve Moller Vic Deeble John CrawfordRosemary A. HookPETER EDWARD DAVID LOVE IT ManagerEveline Caldwell Sue Gould Beccy MotenLutherCompaq CustomerCampbell FraserwD? 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Courier New"phWSƜSFSF |_SZr=cfzʟҟ Ơ7ȥ28"%&-h[A Gerhard Fischer0Mt Audubon:Temporary Items:Word Work File A 3156>4dg") Gerhard FischerGerhard Fischer FMicrosoft Word DocumentNB6WWord.Document.8 ՜.+,D՜.+,P  hp  '&Center for LifeLong Learning & DesigntZSg  Title 8@ _PID c _HLINKS'AHNPGdiagrams:logo.gif2]Dhttp://www.ed.gov/offices/OERI/SBIR/FY99/phase2/phii99ablelink.htmlx%lZ2http://www.ed.gov/offices/OERI/SBIR/ph198t07.htmlassist]VWhttp://www.ablelinktech.com/x<dTHhttp://www Oh+'0t  $ 0 < HT\dl' ssGerhard FischererhNormal Gerhard Fischer9rhMicrosoft Word 8.0d@+"@䁘`@j@<c|_.clarinetsys.com/site/products-page/EthIR-STAR/EthIR-STAR.htmxeQLhttp://www.space.com/businesstechnology/technology/nyc_mta_gps_000317.html)x(/N3http://www.rtd-denver.com/Wireless/Palm/index.htmlxkeK0http://www.rtd-denver.com/cgi-files/webstar.cgix<fHhttp://www.rtd-denver.com/x*+E(http://www.certec.lth.se/english/clock/x&6B(http://www.certec.lth.se/english/Isaac/xT]?http://www.talkingsigns.com/xN<"http://www.itsa.org/whatitsa.htmlx344667888101215161749122 / =!"#$%|HH(FG(HH(d'`s jbjb kk-]$$$$$$ '''8'(<$'nBDRP+------,)+hY%$Y|$$~)Ĭ|||$$+8$$$$+|&|A$$+R),Cݶ<'x> CLever: Building Cognitive Levers to help people help themselvesAn L3D Project funded by the Coleman Family Foundation Mobility for All: A Socio-Technical Design of Human-Centered Public Transportation Systems Gerhard Fischer, Ernie Arias, Leo Burd, Stefan Carmien, Hal Eden A Research Project of the CLever Project Remark: Intelligent Bus Stops The Problem Statement Cities are difficult places for people with disabilities. Wheelchair users have difficulties with stairs and narrow doorways. Deaf people cannot hear the sounds of traffic, nor can they hear public announcements. The Blind community has enormous problems with mobility, being unable to drive a car. People with cognitive disabilities have perhaps the greatest challenges of all- challenges that intersect with practically every aspect of their urban lives. Public transportation helps to ease many of the difficulties, but typically does not do so in the most pleasant or efficient way possible. Disabled riders have a number of different problems with public transit. Wheelchairs have trouble boarding busses. Blind people often cannot tell which bus they should get on at all. And cognitively disabled people may become lost, or be unable to determine how they should best use the system available. Public transit really does not optimally serve the majority of fully abled people. For example, people who are visiting a city for the first time or who do not speak the local language (in essence also a form of cognitive disability) have problems using its transit system. analogy: pedestrian areas (  Design Approach for Intelligent Bus Stop socio-technical environment: how things are ( how things could/should be How things are: understanding the current situation (collaboration with Faye Byrd) Faye and her colleagues. Fay is a specialist in transitioning cognitively handicapped persons from high school to independent living Contact and interview Fay(?), the person who was mentioned in our meeting who prepared cognitively handicapped high schoolers for the real world Interview and shadow members of target population (possible contact is BJ from the assisted living center that demoed Visions for us) how things could/should be ( technology-enriched environments including: personal digital assistants, GPS, wireless communication, smart bus stops, smart buses, computational support for bus drivers Built it and noone comes as the "Intelligent Busstop" document articulates, this project must identify and work with users and their representatives. more than once, we have experienced the frustrations and breakdowns associated with building technologies and THEN trying to elist users (who we think should see our technologies as the answer to their problems). i claim that the energy and sense of purpose that come from working from the user's problems FIRST (and thus engaging them as first-class, informed participants) are the most important factor in making this project succeed. Come up with small bounded task/situations that could constitute"&&:Jx` RX2" ! ! !/ =!"#$%|HH(FG(HH(d'` TOC \o "1-2" The Problem Statement  PAGEREF _Toc509716655 \h 3 Design Approach for Human-Centered Public Transportation Systems  PAGEREF _Toc509716656 \h 4 How things are  Understanding the Current Situation  PAGEREF _Toc509716657 \h 4 How things could/should be  Envisioning the Future  PAGEREF _Toc509716658 \h 6 Collaborations  PAGEREF _Toc509716659 \h 6 Design Phases  PAGEREF _Toc509716660 \h 7 Challenges  PAGEREF _Toc509716661 \h 8 A Social Challenge: Changing Mindset and Cultures  PAGEREF _Toc509716662 \h 8 A Technical Challenge: Exploiting the Power of Computation  PAGEREF _Toc509716663 \h 8 Appendix 1:  How Things Are  Interview with Jim Rebman (Blind Person)  PAGEREF _Toc509716664 \h 10 Appendix 2:  How Things Could Be  Scenario  Cognizant Bus Stop (Stefan Carmien)  PAGEREF _Toc509716665 \h 12 Appendix 3: What is out there  Some External Links  PAGEREF _Toc509716666 \h 15 Appendix 4: Design Projects of CommArts, Inc. in Urban Transit  PAGEREF _Toc509716667 \h 16 Appendix 5: Dan Davies  Research related to Palmtop Prompting System from AbleLink  PAGEREF _Toc509716668 \h 17  TOC \c "Figure" Figure 1: Human-Centered Public Transportation Systems  Envisioning an Intelligent Bus Stop  PAGEREF _Toc509716673 \h 4 Figure 2: A Personalized Map  PAGEREF _Toc509716674 \h 9 2 "$RT02468XZ  @BDFHfhj-UmHj-UmHj,UmHj,UmHj+UmHj+UmHB* mHj*UmHB*mHj!*UmH jUmHmH>68lnptv TVX\^rtHJLNPRj0UmHjz0UmHCJ jCJUj56Uj/UmHj/UmHj/UmHj.UmHB* mHj .UmH jUmHB*mHmH;58Gerhard Fischer0Mt Audubon:Temporary Items:Word Work File A 3158Gerhard FischerkMt Audubon Data:users:gerhard :gerhard-archives:coleman-collaboration:busstop-intelligent:mobility-for-allGerhard Fischer:Mt Audubon:Temporary Items:AutoRecovery save of RTVX.02mH0JmHjCJOJQJUyK _Toc509715187}DyK _Toc509715188}DyK _Toc509715189}DyK _Toc509715190}Dmobility-fGerhard Fischer:Mt Audubon:Temporary Items:AutoRecovery save of mobility-fGerhard Fischer:Mt Audubon:Temporary Items:AutoRecovery save of mobility-fGerhard FischerkMt Audubon Data:users:gerhard :gerhard-archives:coleman-collaboration:busstop-intelligent:mobility-for-allGerhard Fischer0Mt Audubon:Temporary Items:Word Work File A 2886Gerhard FischerkMt Audubon Data:users:gerhard :gerhard-archives:coleman-collaboration:busstop-intelligent:mobility-for-allGerhard FischerkMt Audubon Data:users:gerhard :gerhard-archives:coleman-collaboration:busstop-intelligent:mobility-for-all         $ ( , .0 3 4 5 6 7 s :+  $@O8V^Jt hhOJQJo(hho(- hhOJQJo( hhOJQJo( hhOJQJo(o(- hhOJQJo( hhOJQJo( hhOJQJo(o(-o(- hhOJQJo( hhOJQJo(hh.P8.....xp.... @  .....  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The ideas to develop a support environment based on a personal digital assistant emerged also early in our project as a natural extension in response to the Vision system (a stationary system supporting people with disabilities in their desire to live independently). TOC \o "1-3" The Problem Statement  PAGEREF _Toc509461645 \h 2 Design Approach for  Intelligent Bus Stop  PAGEREF _Toc509461646 \h 3 How things are:  PAGEREF _Toc509461647 \h 3 how things could/should be  PAGEREF _Toc509461648 \h 3 Come up with small bounded task/situations that could constitute a clear  win  PAGEREF _Toc509461649 \h 4 Challenges  PAGEREF _Toc509461650 \h 4 A Culture Change / A Mindset Change  Embracing and Enjoying Public Transportation Systems  PAGEREF _Toc509461651 \h 4 Theoretical Framework  PAGEREF _Toc509461652 \h 5 Collaborations  PAGEREF _Toc509461653 \h 6 Communications Art  PAGEREF _Toc509461654 \h 6 University of Oregon  PAGEREF _Toc509461655 \h 6 Appendix: Scenarios for  How Things Are and  How Things Could Be  PAGEREF _Toc509461656 \h 6 How Things Are  Jim Rebman (Blind Person)  PAGEREF _Toc509461657 \h 6 Additional Comments from Jim Rebman  PAGEREF _Toc509461658 \h 7 How Things Could Be  Stefan Carmien: Cognizant Bus Stop  PAGEREF _Toc509461659 \h 8 Task scenario:  PAGEREF _Toc509461660 \h 8 Technical Details  PAGEREF _Toc509461661 \h 9 Who is Megan?  PAGEREF _Toc509461662 \h 10 Appendix: What is out there  PAGEREF _Toc509461663 \h 11 RTD and Wireless  PAGEREF _Toc509461664 \h 11 Brief Description of Design Projects of CommArts, Inc. in Urban Transit  PAGEREF _Toc509461665 \h 11  To be mobile is difficult for  but it is a need (e.g., to go to work) and a desire (serving as an indispensable enabling condition for inclusion and independence, two of the overarching objectives identified for the CLever project; see figure in title). In most cases, people with disabilities will not be able to use automobiles or bicycles, so public transportation systems are their only choices. But current public transportation have numerous limitations (as it has been document in the literature and as we are identifying further in our research) that make it difficult for people with disabilities to use them. We are in the process of engaging in a major socio-technical design activity to explore, design, implement and assess components of a more human-centered public transportation systems. Early in our research approach, we have identified the  space program effect (or  dual use aspects) as fundamental dimensions of our approach. We are firmly convinced that the research outlined in this document will have broad implications: for much broader communities, such as elderly peopleh ^`OJ QJ o(oh pp^p`OJQJo(h @ @ ^@ `OJQJo(h ^`OJ QJ o(oh ^`OJQJo(h ^`OJQJo(h ^`OJ QJ o(oh PP^P`O                          ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ? @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ^ _ ` a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z { | } ~                            ! 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In order to avoid the problem which many system developments encountered, namely  Built it and they won t come , we will explore  how things are and we will use the insights gained as important requirements for  how things can be .  Understanding the Current SBuilt it and they won t come . Our willtives. M research projects thennTmustfirst, an important objective of our work pursued in the context of the Envisionment and Discovery Collaboratory Appendix 1 contains an  interview with Jim Rebman, a member of the Clever project who is blind and who has provided us with numerous insights into problems which people with disabilities face and he has served as an invaluable resource to point us to existing approaches. We will collaborate with (and ). Faye helping disabledwith the transition school to in . In addition we will i  using our collaboration with the in Boulder. H  Envisioning the FutureAppendix 2 provides a detailed scenario of some aspects of our envisioned human-centered public transportation systems including the following technology enrichational support for bus drivers. An important component of the overall design is a  pic with which they have access at any time to the human support environment. Design Phases We currently envision and have planned the following phases (we will intertwine these steps rather than following them in a linear order): Step 1: increase our understanding of  how things are (see above)! Step 2: build as an design environment for informed participatory design and the strategic collaborations with . Step 3: explore the potential of new technologies and new environments: personal digitial technologies (see scenario in Appendix 2) Chess (Hal Eden) (QJmH C$Eƀb'1F5b'56D & F8 h85b'D & F8 h85b'(F( !GOJPJQJmH C$EƀB*b'GOJPJQJmH FGOJPJQJmH "Aa"#$%-7JKLMNO`abcdhpqr >?@HXYZ[\]^x     $456789Nlmnow012:JKLMOP]^qr        & X Y Z [ c s t u v x y         t u v ~ q P$1Ts9? #%Kk&EEFG_`aXY~ Q!R!X!!!!!!""&"'"8";"J"K"M"Q"R"W""""#####?$@$$$$%.%D%%%%%%%%%9&:&E&{'|'}'~'''''''''(()!)l))-*>*****+++++++,++++++++ ,,k,--------91:1T1j3k34484:4J4M4b4j4t4y4{44444444444555555666666R7U7m888$:C:f=g=====he Problem Statement  PAGEREF _Toc509715185 \h 3 Design Approach for Human-Centered Public Transportation Systems  PAGEREF _Toc509715186 \h 4 How things are  Understanding the Current Situation  PAGEREF _Toc509715187 \h 4 How things could/shou==>>?{@@NABBBBBBBBBBBCC#C$C%C&C'CEEUGiGGGGIIILLNNN'N,N3N5NLNUN\NhNiNpN{N|N}N~NNNNNNNNOO OOO"OQO]OeOOOOOOOOOOOOPPPP=POqPqcqdq~kl_uil ',-.8RSTUopqrld be  Envisioning the Future  PAGEREF _Toc509715188 \h 5 Collaborations  PAGEREF _Toc509715189 \h 5 Design Phases  PAGEREF _Toc509715190 \h 6 Challenges  PAGEREF _Toc509715191 \h 7 A Social Challenge: Changing Mindset and Cultures  PAGEREF _Toc509715192 \h 7 A Technical Challenge: Exploiting the Power of Computation  PAGEREF _Toc509715193 \h 7 Appendix 1:  How Things Are  Interview with Jim Rebman (Blind Person)  PAGEREF _Toc509715194 \h 9 Appendix 2:  How Things Could Be  Scenario  Cognizant Bus Stop (Stefan Carmien)  PAGEREF _Toc509715195 \h 11 Appendix 3: What is out there  Some External Links  PAGEREF _Toc509715196 \h 14 Appendix 4: Design Projects of CommArts, Inc. in Urban Transit  PAGEREF _Toc509715197 \h 15 Appendix 5: Dan Davies  Research related to Palmtop Prompting System from AbleLink  PAGEREF _Toc509715198 \h 16  List of Figures  TOC \c "Figure" Figure 1: Human-Centered Public Transportation Systems  Envisioning an Intelligent Bus Stop  PAGEREF _Toc509715281 \h 4 Figure 2: A Personalized Map  PAGEREF _Toc509715282 \h 8  systemsave numerous limitations (as ed more diverse  Envisioning anBuilt it and they won t comepresentatives. More than once, research projects (EDC) (Note: This approach tries to avoid the well-known problem corresponding closely to the statistic that about 70% of all assistive technology purchased is not used. h Jim Rebman, a member of the CLers of target population using Initial Assessment of the Intended Users Community (Jim Sullivan). In our initial discussions, we reflected on three different classes of users: Users with degrees of sensory impairments (blind (( vision impaired, deaf (( loss of specific frequencies etc.) While users in this class may have one or more deficits in a particular sensory channel, they may also have heightened acuity in a complementary channel (i.e. a vision impaired person may have heightened auditory and tactile senses). More importantly, a person in this class will not necessarily have any difficulty processing information unless the desired information is in a form that is overwhelming to their complementary sensory channel (i.e. a blind person getting lengthy audible directions from a someone with a strong accent  a non-sight impaired person might ask  could you please draw a map ). A person in this class would also likely know when they need help  and be able to communicate with others in the world to confirm their situation and request assistance. Finally, a person in this class would likely be able to comprehend and follow instructions to recover from a unique mistake or system error as long as it was encoded in a complementary sensory channel. Users with cognitive deficits (occasional errors when processing information (( completely unable to process any information). Meegan in Stefan s scenario (see Appendix 2) falls into this category. This person has vastly different needs than a person in the previously discussed class because: They may not know when they need help. They may not be able to understand when help is being offered by a non-trained or unfamiliar person They may receive cues from the  noisy world around them that causes them to  panic and deviate from the  plan even when everything is going well. There may be lapses when they are unable to perceive or process even well-designed cues that they have been trained to recognize and thus get into unplanned or unsafe situations. claim: designing a system that is safe, reliable, and robust for this class of user is a significantly greater challenge. Users who are a mix of the two classes above, such as an elderly person experiencing both failing eyesight and a weak memory. CLever will further explore the question of  who is the intended user in this project so initial design work can be properly focused. The other classes of users (there are many more than those articulated here) must also be identified and acknowledged - and would logically be the focus of future research after experience was gained in a tractable user subset. s AbleLink Technologies, Inc, Colorado Springs  Research related to Palmtop Prompting System. 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The ideas to develop a support environment based on a personal digital assistant emerged also early in our project as a natural extension in response to the Vision system (a stationary system supporting people with disabilities in their desire to live independently). Table of Contents  TOC \o "1-2" The Problem Statement  PAGEREF _Toc509469899 \h 3 Design Approach for Human-Centered Public Transportation Systems  PAGEREF _Toc509469900 \h 4 How things are  Understanding the Current Situation  PAGEREF _Toc509469901 \h 4 How things could/should be  Envisioning the Future  PAGEREF _Toc509469902 \h 5 Collaborations  PAGEREF _Toc509469903 \h 5 Design Phases  PAGEREF _Toc509469904 \h 5 Challenges  PAGEREF _Toc509469905 \h 6 A Social Challenge: Changing Mindset and Cultures  PAGEREF _Toc509469906 \h 6 A Technical Challenge: Exploiting the Power of Computation  PAGEREF _Toc509469907 \h 6 Appendix 1: Interview with Jim Rebman (Blind Person) to Find out  How Things Are  PAGEREF _Toc509469908 \h 8 Appendix 2: How Things Could Be  Scenario  Cognizant Bus Stop (Stefan Carmien)  PAGEREF _Toc509469909 \h 10 Appendix 3: What is out there  PAGEREF _Toc509469910 \h 13 Appendix 4: Design Projects of CommArts, Inc. in Urban Transit  PAGEREF _Toc509469911 \h 14  The Problem Statement To be mobile is difficult for people with disabilities  but it is a need (e.g., to go to work) and a desire (serving as an indispensable enabling condition for inclusion and independence, two of the overarching objectives identified for the CLever project; see figure in title). In most cases, people with disabilities will not be able to use automobiles or bicycles, so public transportation systems are their only choices. But current public transportation have numerous limitations (as it has been document in the literature and as we are identifying further in our research) that make it difficult for people with disabilities to use them. We are in the process of engaging in a major socio-technical design activity to explore, design, implement and assess components of a more human-centered public transportation systems. Early in our research approach, we have identified the  space program effect (or  dual use aspects) as fundamental dimensions of our approach. We are firmly convinced that the research outlined in this document will have broad implications: for much broader communities, such as elderly people, children, out-of-town people not knowing a city, and foreigners not speaking the local language; for other problem domains and everyday activities (living independently, shopping, etc); for new conceptual frameworks (e.g., finding the best distribution of responsibilities and activities in collaborative human-computer systems for for new technologies and their integration with each other and serving as a component in the larger social system Figure 1 gives a envisioned scenario as an  intelligent bus stop human-centered public transportation systems.  Figure  SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 1: An Envisioned Intelligent Bus Stop as Part of a Human-Centered Public Transportation Systems Design Approach for Human-Centered Public Transportation Systems While this research project will explore a large number of new conceptual frameworks and new technologies, we understand it as a socio-technical problem. In order to avoid the problem which many system developments encountered, namely  Built it and they won t come , we will explore  how things are and we will use the insights gained as important requirements for  how things can be . How things are  Understanding the Current Situation Built it and they won t come . Our project will identify and work with users and their representatives. More than once, research projects have experienced the frustrations and breakdowns associated with building technologies and then trying to enlist users (who we think should see our technologies as the answer to their problems). The energy and sense of purpose must come from working from the user's problems first (and thus engaging them as informed participants, an important objective of our work pursued in the context of the Envisionment and Discovery Collaboratory) are the most important factor in making this project succeed. Appendix 1 contains an  interview with Jim Rebman, a member of the Clever project who is blind and who has provided us with numerous insights into problems which people with disabilities face and he has served as an invaluable resource to point us to existing approaches. We will collaborate with Faye Byrd (and her colleagues). Faye is a specialist in helping cognitively disabled persons with the transition from school to independent living in the  real world. In addition we will interview and  shadow members of target population using our collaboration with the assisted living center in Boulder. How things could/should be  Envisioning the Future Appendix 2 provides a detailed scenario of some aspects of our envisioned human-centered public transportation systems including the following technology enrichments: personal digital assistants, GPS, wireless communication, smart bus stops, smart buses, computational support for bus drivers. An important component of the overall design is a  panic button for lost cognitively disabled individuals with which they have access at any time to the human support environment. Collaborations Communications Art, Boulder  we have started a dialog with this Boulder design firm which has made major contributions to the design of public transportation systems (for details see Appendix 4). Extend our existing Collaborations in Urban and Transportation Planning  with City of Boulder, the RTD, the Boulder County Health Department, and the Boulder County Healthy Community Initiative Stephen Fickas <fickas@cs.uoregon.edu>, University of Oregon  Stephen Fickas is in the process of creating a major research effort to support people with cognitive disabilities and our research approaches will benefit from a close collaboration Design Phases We currently envision and have planned the following phases (we will intertwine these steps rather than following them in a linear order): Step 1: increase our understanding of  how things are (see above)! Step 2: build on our experience with the Envisionment and Discovery Collaboratory (EDC) as an design environment for informed participatory design and the strategic collaborations with the City of Boulder, the RTD, the Boulder County Health Department, and the Boulder County Healthy Community Initiative). Step 3: explore the potential of new technologies and new environments: personal digitial technologies (see scenario in Appendix 2) ChessBoard (Hal Eden) 3D environments (EDC + Jun/Smalltalk substrate) (Eric Scharff, Tomo Oda) Virtual Reality ( collaboration with the CU-Boulder  bp Center for Visualization and their immersive environments supported by the  CAVE virtual reality environments Step 4: explore new conceptual frameworks (we will use scenarios to identify "small and discrete clear win approaches". these become "boundary objects", "intermediate abstractions", and demonstrations of ideas that drive the project) personalization and user modeling (to account for that people with disability represent a  universe of one ); we will build on a collaboration with BEA Boulder and their Weblogic substrate (Andy Gorman); a general background for this work is provided by: Fischer, G. (2001) "User Modeling in Human-Computer Interaction," User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction, Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, (to appear). context-awareness of computational environments which will extract the necessary information from the environment to support personalization and user modeling; a general background for this work is provided by: (a) Dey, A. K., Salber, D., & Abowd, G. D. (2001) "A conceptual framework and a toolkit for supporting the rapid prototyping of context-aware applications," Human-Computer Interaction, 16,(to appear).; and (b): Fischer, G. (2001) "Articulating the Task at Hand and Making Information Relevant to It," Human-Computer Interaction, 16,(to appear). research into promoting systems (Stefan Carmien and Jim Rebman) Step 5: Develop a Kiosk in the Coleman Showcase Lab in the Discovery Learning Center (DLC)  we will focus on a design environment (with the bus stop as a product of that process) and the need for support of design processes that integrate technology into the world; the kiosk will allow us to conduct participatory studies with specific disabled communities Step 6: develop and install prototypes in the  real world (for example: in collaboration with CommArts; see Appendix 4) Step 7: Scale up and demonstrate the sustainability of the approach (by using the experiences gained from the prototypes and with the inclusion of more mature technologies) Challenges This project creates numerous interesting and exciting challenges in social and technological areas and particularly in the integration of a socio-technical system. For illustration, we will mention just one example in the social and technological domain. A Social Challenge: Changing Mindset and Cultures Mobility is one of the most fundamental concepts of human existence and it is related to deeply held human believes and behaviors. As we know form experience: even major traffic jams will not be enough that people are willing to give up their private cars. It remains an open question whether individuals, groups and eventually cultures may find it at some point in the future  fashionable, enjoyable , and cool to take a bus or a train(e.g., because a student finds out that all her/his buddies ride the bus. While such changes are not easy to achieve, they are also not impossible. After all: twenty years ago, most people and store owners resisted strongly that cars were banned from downtown areas  and today, in Boulder and in many European cities the pedestrian areas have become the greatest attraction (the downtown mall in Boulder was designed by CommArts; see Appendix 4). We also believe that sometimes simple changes can have a big impact (e.g., being able to to transport bikes with buses in Boulder)  and we need many more creative ideas that people do not only use public transportation because they have to, but because they want to. A Technical Challenge: Exploiting the Power of Computation A simple example-to-think-with for personalization and context-awareness is provided by the service by .com companies (e.g., such as MapQuest; see Figure 2) to provide people with individualized, personalized directions (a service which in principle can not be provided by print technologies).  Figure  SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 2: A Personalized Map While we believe that this simple example provides a good starting point, numerous extensions came immediately to mind: these maps currently provided are just for cars (e.g., no information is provided for bikes, walking, linkage to a public transportation system); providing the context, e.g., articulating the starting and the destination address is simple in some cases (when street addresses are known), but can be far from trivial in other cases (e.g., specifing  non-standard locations); to do so is complicated in many cases even for computer-literate people  and potentially impossible for cognitively disabled persons; if map is displayed on a PDA-like device, one can add a  you are here marker to it (dynamical updates). Appendix 1: Interview with Jim Rebman (Blind Person) to Find out  How Things Are question: how you cope with public transportation systems in Boulder This one is fairly easy as Boulder is generally fairly consistently laid out and most of the places I want to go are within reasonable proximity to bus routes. When I first came here I had to learn the rotation of streets and the system of addresses. I did this with the assistance of a human guide who had experience teaching blind people in orientation and mobility (O&M). I eventually learned the places where buses stopped and what routes ran where, and what times they ran -- mostly through the experience of riding them and taking mental notes along the way. I am afraid that most of the techniques I used will not work for a cognitively impaired individual as a lot of memorization and paying close attention to the environment were involved. A street guide or bus route guide will most likely not be too useful unless the information can be represented in some way other than words, lists, or complicated diagrams. question: how you cope with public transportation systems in other cities This really depends on how well the public transportation system works in a particular city. Since I am usually not very familiar with most of the cities that I tend to visit, I generally opt for a cab or similar arrangement. If it becomes really necessary to use the public transportation system and I can't find anybody to give me advice or assistance, I will generally call the transportation provider in the area and try to get as much information as possible. Often times though, there are helpful employees that will assist and give more information. In some big cities it is almost always possible to encounter blind people travelling on public transportation and usually we are more than happy to help each other out (another interesting aspect to the concept of community building). I was able to travel from my parent's house in the Virginia suburbs into Washington DC and back several times to attend a workshop on grant writing though I had never done this before and really had no idea of what to do -- I just called the metro authority and they gave me all the information I needed. I will say that to do this takes a lot of preparation, and I had some of the best O&M instruction available, yet it is still often a quite daunting experience. In most large and unfamiliar cities I will usually find another way to get around especially in the short term. question: what are the major problems you encounter? Mostly it is a question of getting information and in a form in which I can use it conveniently and effectively. Many public transportation providers now have their routes and schedules, etc. online on their web sites, but it is usually in a format that is not accessible with a screen reader. I actually tried to work with RTD on this long before their web site went public, but they never followed through and as a result, their site is not very usable to blind people. The other big problem is what I would describe as learning the subtleties of the locale through experience. For instance, where are the bus stop signs and how do you differentiate them from other traffic signs (this is usually quite easy in the RTD system, but it took an experienced teacher to clue me into that fact) (note the necessity of human intervention). Sometimes, and this can't be overlooked, there are problems with bus drivers who, for whatever reason, don't like disabled people on their buses and are not very helpful and even sometimes downright hostile. Perhaps this stems from the fact that they have to "do more work" with a disabled passenger like securing a wheelchair, calling out stops for a blind person, etc.. This is not as uncommon as you would think. Other minor problems may include things like knowing where and how to pay your fare, if you are getting on the right bus or train, etc. For somebody like myself, I can always ask the driver what route he is (most of them will announce it when they see a blind person at the stop), but for somebody who has limited language and/or assertiveness skills, this won't work. Also at some very busy bus stops where multiple buses line up and leave quickly, it can be difficult to get to the right one before it leaves. Again, sometimes drivers will help out and flag down another bus if the one you are at is not the one you want. Some blind people I know carry cardboard signs with the route numbers printed on them in large type so the drivers can see them from a distance, and I know this also works well for deaf/blind individuals and others I have met with traumatic brain injuries who have severe short-term memory and strategic planning deficiencies. question: do you have a vision of the public transportation system of the future which would make the system much more useful and usable to you! Yes, I have been thinking about these problems ever since I lost my sight. Back in '92 or '93 I submitted an SBIR proposal for a GPS navigation system for blind travelers (with some modifications could be useful for a wide range of disabilities). I partnered with another blind guy and a Lt. Commander in the US Coast Guard whose area of expertise was differential GPS systems. We didn't get funded, but were invited to testify before a congressional transportation and science and technology subcommittee. Last year when I took the UI Design class, I revisited this as part of one of my assignments and I will attach a text file of what I turned in for that assignment -- it deals directly with a Personal GPS system to aid blind travelers. One of the key pieces that I didn't include in this write-up that was in my original SBIR proposal was the concept of tying an emergency information base to the system so that people could get help anywhere anytime and also so that city emergency services could upload real-time data about fires, road and sidewalk repairs, and anything else that would possibly impede a traveler, to the system so that the routing software could redirect the traveler around the trouble spot. It is sketchy and there are a lot more details to go into this, and also this is only one aspect of the system. Other things might include intelligent kiosks, information servers on buses and trains themselves, and accessible signage (there are a couple of companies developing technologies for talking signs). question: which concerns to you have about these developments (e.g., privacy issues)? I don't think we want to get into technologies whereby the bus stop identifies the person through visual, RF, IR, or whatever kind of sensors. Here are my reasons. There are already some spooky government agencies that are using these technologies in airports. They are quite sophisticated and can evn identify people who have changed their appearance either through temporary means (growing or shaving off a beard for example), or more permanent ways like radical plastic surgery. This is too Orwellian and the potential for official misuse/abuse is too high in return for little benefit (the person can identify themselves as necessary and should just be "pulling" information from the bus stop.) Other kinds of "push" data can come from the person if desired, but should be dealt with in a seperate GPS-based system as I briefly described in my report (an emergency beacon which can alert care givers, authorities, medical assistance, etc. and does not need to be an integral part of the bus stop). The cost/benefit ratio of this is very high and we most likely don't want the bus stop itself directing people around. Involving the individual promotes more independence and a sense of being in charge of one's own matters. The number of devices and things that a person has to rely upon and think about greatly increases the potential for problems should any part of the technology fail. We should aim to keep most of the technology with the individual so it can be personalized to their needs -- the interactive points (bus stops, kiosks, etc.) should interact intelligently through an agent and give the individual whatever he/she needs from that particular kind of device. The kiosk or bus stop should not be telling the individual what to do based on its assumptions or memory of what that person may have previously requested (I don't think it should be storing any kind of transaction data that can be directly linked to an individual -- general statistical data is fine). Appendix 2: How Things Could Be  Scenario  Cognizant Bus Stop (Stefan Carmien) Task scenario Megan decides that today would be a good day to visit her grandmother. She goes to her home-helper screen and puts her palm pilot into its little cradle. She pushes the picture of her grandmother, on the monitor attached to the PC, and then pushes the bus picture (rather than the phone or greeting card picture). Her helper beeps and shows a picture of her front yard when it s finished getting ready for her trip. Megan takes the palm pilot out of the cradle and putting on her coat and picking up her backpack leaves the house. She knows that she must go to the bus stop across the street because the picture on the palm pilot shows that bus stop and the voice prompt tells her to cross the street to get to it. She crosses the street and as she reaches the bus stop she touches the bustop picture on the pilot. The pilot says  Good Megan, now let s make sure this is the right bus stop! Please stand in the green square and hold me out towards the side that is red. Megan walks into the bus shelter and asks the person standing on the painted square to please move, as she needs to  talk to the bus. The man reading his paper looks at her and sees the brightly colored palm device in her hand and moves to the left, saying  Sorry, I didn t notice that I was standing on the info square. Megan stands in the square and holds the palm pilot towards the side of the square painted red. In a few seconds the screen on her device shows a swirly pattern the reassures Megan that they are  talking about what she wants to do and what is the best plan. The swirly pattern goes away and Megan looks at the screen. At this point there are two possible scenarios  a and  b that follow: Scenario  a  all is OK: Megan then sees the swirly pattern has changed to a series of progressively larger dots (the Isaac duration indicator  see the Isaac project), and a voice says  Megan, this is the right bus stop and the bus you want will arrive in five minutes Megan waits patiently for her bus occasionally looking at the changing dot pattern on her pilot, and, when a bus pulls up, looking at her pilot and still seeing the changing dots, continuing to wait patiently. Several times the palm s display changes briefly to the swirly pattern but quickly returns to the dots. Just as the last dot turns almost completely white a bus pulls up and Megan walks up the steps. Megan s palm briefly goes swirly and the bus driver looks at a LED display located above the entrance door. The driver says  Going to Riverside, mam? This is the right bus. Megan goes all the way in and sits in the seat behind and to the right of the driver. The bus pulls out& & & . Scenario  b  Megan is late: Megan then sees the swirly pattern has changed to a big question mark. She pushes the screen over the image and hears  Megan, the bus you want has already left, please wait here for a minute. After a brief wait the screen shows a picture of BJ, her assistive living councilor, and she hers her machine say  Megan, please wait here  BJ says he will come and help you, remember if you need more help, stand in the info square and push the help picture. Remember  stay right here. In five minutes BJ arrives from the assisted living center and takes her in his car to her grandmothers house. Technical Details Megan s home is equipped with a visions-like system that synchronizes with her palm device, which has a color screen, 8 Mb memory and a wave file player. The Visions-like system and the palm device share an application that, when she selects a task for the PC system, uploads the images, wave files and task step sequences in the form of a database. This database application logs actions selected with timestamps for both later analysis and intervention when the user becomes stuck. Megan follows the instructions to get to the bus stop and when she goes into the info square she is putting her palm pilot into a position where it can receive messages from an Ir broadcasting network router, with a range of one meter at 30o. The transceiver sends a one to three kilobyte formatted string that her palm application parses to get the information she needs, and while the palm device is receiving the Ir modulated information it displays a  recieving data icon. The bus stop broadcasts the updated information every 3 seconds, and the communication is bi-directional so that the system in the bus stop knows who has received the broadcast and when. When the broadcast is successfully received, the kiosk PC transmits to a server the location and identity of the PDA, this can be matched against the trip script that was registered with the server when it was hot-synched to the palm (and thus became active). This log allows the caretaker to be informed of problems, not unlike matching an airplanes actual path against a filed flight plan. (note: I am very aware of the privacy issues that this potentially raises, and would be interested in having conversations with users and caretakers about this) The Ir transceiver is connected to a router that is in turn networked to a small PC with a wireless modem located (except for the antenna) in a sealed, weather & vandal proof box in the ceiling of the bus stop. The PC, router and modem are powered by batteries, which are kept charged by a solar panel on the roof, not unlike emergency roadside phones on highways. The PC communicates with a server at a RTD site that puts together information from schedules, GPS devices on individual busses and weather data to update the PC s in multiple bus stops in the city, each PC being feed the data it needs on a ongoing basis. One possible additional function that this service could provide is a LCD display of the information that is gathered by the PC about the bus system state  It could display the scheduled bus arrivals and actual times till the next arrival, not unlike the displays at an airport. The principle is delivering the information in the most appropriate form to the user. The bus is also equipped with an IR router and as Megan goes up the steps it polls her PDA for her trip-script and the intermediate goal of her next bus stop. The bus s system then displays the relevant information for the driver, which may include her next bus stop, her ultimate street destination, and some information about her special needs (i.e. blind, cognitively handicapped, Alzheimer s etc.). This also has privacy issues; perhaps the information could be displayed for the driver in a more private or coded fashion. In the case of the panic button, the PC, via wireless connectivity, sends a message to a caretaker center, like a 911 center, that receives a message identifying a lost (or about to be lost) person and where they are, and autodials the appropriate caretaker with this data, going from caretaker to caretaker till a touchtone acknowledgement is entered, at which point a message is sent back to the PC at the bus stop with the message that Megan received. All the technology involved in the above scenario currently exists and every part of the system has been implemented for other uses. Obviously this is only a first pass at implementing a  smart bus stop. Much of the task was based on my own projection of what a cognitively disabled person wants and needs. The technology is relatively easy- what will be difficult is to create a design that delivers the right information in the right form and at the right time. Research needs to be done on prompting systems and interviewing and observing real people with these specific needs. Further, this only describes one part of an (at least) three-part system  the configured tool; left to describe are the initial setup and configuration setup and the ongoing maintenance and creating new scripts interfaces and functionality. My anti-motto for this project is that 75% of all of these systems are rotting in a closet because of lack of good design and orientation; this one must not join them. Interestingly enough, the more I think of this project the more it looks like I am designing a tool to make a prompting systems rather than a prompting system alone. This may be one part of our special L3D approach to this design problem. Who is Megan? The target population for this device would be cognitively disabled individuals. From one of Anja s handouts this would be  Trainable Mentally Handicapped IQ 55-72 and the upper range of  Severely Mentally Handicapped IQ >55. Rather than use diagnostic language it might be more to the point to discuss that the user target population cannot do: They cannot read They have significant memory issues They cannot use abstractions (i.e. symbols have no extensible meaning) Their language is very minimal What they must be able to do: They work well with prompting techniques They are socialized enough to be out in commercial establishments without having/causing problems They have fine enough motor coordination to use a palm pilot sized touch pad (and perhaps the set of keys below). They are sufficiently capable to not lose or damage a palm pilot device For this scenario we also assume a caretaker who has programmed the palm device for Megan s trip. These users need an intuitive interface that is scaled to their level of skills with computers for creating and changing the trip prompting scripts. They will be assumed to be able to compose a letter on a word processor but not much more. NOTE: Leo Burd contributed clarifying questions, Shin'ichi Konomi sparked the original idea and suggested the  waypoint function, Rogerio A. dePaula suggested the community extensions (the screen that shows the state if the bus system for  ordinary people), Faye Byrd looked at it from a caretakers perspective (and pointed out where Megan would sit and what the panic button should say) and Anja Kintsch reminded me to let the user know what was going on. Appendix 3: What is out there Shinichi Konomi: A bus location system using smart phones (Kyoto, Japan)  Kyoto Municipal Transportation Bureau and ASTEM RI (a research institute funded by the city) started a bus location service called Poke-Loke (Pocket Bus Location System) in August, 2000. People can use various types of popular smart phones (including iMode, EZWeb, J-Sky, H LINK) or personal computers to display information about buses that are currently approaching to a specified bus stop. Users need to select a bus stop and a bus number in order to display information. Location information is updated every minute. They may reload the page to obtain up-to-date information. Jim Rebman  Intelligent Transportation Systems of America web page and mission statement at:  HYPERLINK http://www.itsa.org/whatitsa.html http://www.itsa.org/whatitsa.html Then go to the Talking Signs homepage at:  HYPERLINK http://www.talkingsigns.com http://www.talkingsigns.com and read the "technical details" link and the "How talking signs work" link. extrapolate the concepts to the cognitively-impaired community, and you can see the incredible potential. Stefan Carmien  The Isaac project:  HYPERLINK "http://www.certec.lth.se/english/Isaac/" http://www.certec.lth.se/english/Isaac/ Clock o clock (includes applets demonstrating various time representations):  HYPERLINK "http://www.certec.lth.se/english/clock/" http://www.certec.lth.se/english/clock/ RTD Denver (see  HYPERLINK http://www.rtd-denver.com/ http://www.rtd-denver.com/)  provides a number of innovatives services such as: RTD Trip Planner:  HYPERLINK http://www.rtd-denver.com/cgi-files/webstar.cgi http://www.rtd-denver.com/cgi-files/webstar.cgi Wireless:  HYPERLINK http://www.rtd-denver.com/Wireless/Palm/index.html http://www.rtd-denver.com/Wireless/Palm/index.html   You can get wireless access to our Bus Locator information with our free Web Clipping Application / Palm Query Application (PQA) for the new Palm VII"!. Palm VII"! users simply download and install RTD.pqa Appendix 4: Design Projects of CommArts, Inc. in Urban Transit CommArts, Inc. has designed a number of improvements to the basic fabric of urban transit. In Boulder, Colorado, CommArts has developed a design strategy branded as "Go Boulder" to humanize, add warmth, color and meaning to a number of popular bus lines. Graphic design programs coordinated with unique bus route names (the  Hop ,  Skip ,  Jump , Leap , and  Bound ) that speak to the routes, regions and reasons for each service area have been used to build a recognizable identity for the RTD system that is generally more appealing and fun to use. Busses are readily recognizable as they travel around the city, and riders in the system typically know more about where the busses go because they have seen them around town. Typical RTD busses tend all to look the same, making it difficult for users to know and remember where the various routes go. Go Boulder s busses make it possible for bus riders to identify personally with  their bus , building ridership in the whole system. Go Boulder s bus system has the added advantage of serving visually disabled riders better than a standard RTD system can. Each of the different busses in the system have radically different color schemes associated with them, making it easy to recognize them at a distance, easy to differentiate them at transfer stops, and generally easier for people to identify them with reduced visual capability. CommArts has also designed a number of urban streetscapes that include transit infrastructures. In these projects, CommArts has made an effort to humanize the places where people wait for their busses by providing ample benches and shelter from the elements in a design vocabulary consistent with the shelter s surroundings. CommArts has found that in situations where riders cannot be helped to identify with their busses directly, street signage and lights can build an identity for the route on which the bus runs. By integrating bus shelters into a broader urban identity program, transit ridership can be made more intentional, deliberate and efficient. Public transit is made a feature of the urban fabric, rather than being relegated by appearance to second class status. In contrast to the above, there is a class of "hard" problems with public transit that result from infrastructural issues within the urban fabric in which our transit systems operate. Response time, for example, is inadequate for many potential riders who will not wait the time it takes for a bus to arrive. Additionally, suburban sprawl the dominant urban fabric of most American cities creates distribution networks fundamentally incompatible with public transportation systems. (Public transportation favors ring or grid topologies, where sprawl favors dendritic ones.) These "hard" problems may respond either to careful urban redevelopment, or to alternative transit systems- in either case requiring significant and costly community effort. They are largely outside the scope of this document. The final class of problems relates to the quality and quantity of information available to riders while they plan a trip, wait for their ride, or while they are in transit. These problems are in many ways a more granular version of the "soft" problems identified above. And while these problems are problems for any and all transit riders, there are special instances of each for riders with physical and cognitive disability that deserve more detailed attention and analysis. It is this class of problems that we believe will most effectively yield to technological intervention of the sort under investigation through the Coleman Grant to the University of Colorado, and particularly to the work underway in the Center for Lifelong Learning. All of these transit problems seem to have a few simple problems at their root. Riders need to know how their transit system works, how to use it, and they need status information as they use it. In addition, riders want to feel comfortable and to be treated with as much humanity as possible while they are using the system. The simpler and more universal the answers to these root problems are, the better and more efficient the transit system will be. Specific informational problems may yield to digital mediation of some kind. Granularity can be added to bus schedule information by letting bus shelters "know" and communicate where all the busses on their routes are any given moment. Bus shelters can provide proposed routing information to riders ("How do I get from point Here to where I want to go, and how long will it take?") Communication between driver and rider can be facilitated by letting waiting riders speak to a driver en-route. But it is essential that the system work in the widest range of situations and for the widest possible range of users. An intelligent transit infrastructure must include careful consideration of all aspects of the rider experience without the exclusion of any potential user. This likely would include targeted customization of transit information, possibly delivered to PDA's or some other personalized display. It also depends on careful design of the complete rider experience, and on a careful integration of both the physical and the virtual, the passive and the active. We believe that the best and most universally effective solutions to the problems of contemporary public transit will of necessity speak both to humanization of the physical infrastructure, and to the timely and targeted application of a new digital layer of information that adds universality to the system, and peace of mind to its users. 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AlramadaniMr MagooJon, children, out-of-town people not knowing a city, and foreigners not speaking the local language; for other problem domains and everyday activities (living independently, shopping, etc); for new conceptual frameworks (e.g., finding the best distribution of responsibilities and activities in collaborative human-computer systems for for new technologies and their integration with each other and serving as a component in the larger social system Figure 1 gives a envisioned scenario as an  intelligent bus stop human-centered public transportation systems. Challenges lture Change / A Mindset Change  have become big success Socio-Technical Design Design Projects of CLever Project  PAGE 2 Mobility for All &>@\^¼ļƼȼ "VXZ\^,.024Ծ־ *,`bdfh "VXZ\^j&UmHj%UmHj%UmHj$UmHj $UmHj#UmHj#UmHj"UmH jUmHmH jUCJ> "$&(PRLNPRTPRHJLNjf*UmHj)UmHjl)UmHj(UmHjr(UmHj'UmHjx'UmHj&UmHj~&UmHmH jUmH=VR*`dxbz "R & F ! ! ! !NPnp "&(LN TVX\^`bd T`bd"Hfhtvxz0JmH0J j0JUCJ OJQJmH j,UnH 66OJPJQJnH OJPJQJnH  jUjZ,UmHj+UmHj`+UmHj*UmHmH jUmH9P^` ,6f 4DF.0dܮj56U5CJOJQJCJ OJQJmHj~OOJQJUmHB*H*OJQJ B*OJQJ5B*OJQJB*CJ jLB*CJ UB*0JmHnH CJ5CJKHOJQJ65 jUmH9Eric Scharff, Tomo Oda) the CU-Boulder  bp Center for Visualization and their immersive environments supported by the  CAVE virtual reality environments Step 4: explore new conceptual frameworks: personalization and user modelling (to account for that people with disability represent a  universe of one ); a general background for this work is provided by: 1Interview with to Find out question: which concerns to you have about these developments (e.g., privacy issues)?es whereby the bus stop identifieor whatever kind of sensors. He Appendix 2: Scenario   (Stefan Carmien)and Megan looks at the screen. enarios  a and  b that follow: antenna) in a sealed, weather ed individuals. From one of Anja 3  Jim Rebman  Stefan Carmien  Denver Appendix 4: 4 RX024Pfb04V & F(dfh$$$lj#$$/ =!"#$%|HH(FG(HH(d'`  CLever: Building Cognitive Levers to help people help themselves An L3D Project funded by the Coleman Family Foundation   Mobility for All  A Socio-Technical Design Ş&'(0234>pqrs͟Ο12OPrs{|}~wz{DEã˼μռ׼ؼ#%.0>@\˿̿ijku>\r!"#-efgh@ABCp@Z[fppendix 5). .Stephen Fickas, efforts.  Collaboration with the University of Colorado bp Center for Visualization: The CLever Project Team has initiated discussions with Geoffrey Dorn from the bp Center for Visualization. We believe there is great potential for design synergies with this new technology center now under construction. The Center for Visualization will have 3D virtual technologies that support an  immersive evaluation of system prototypes with designers and potential users. This technology is complementary to the two dimensional interactive  plan view simulation technologies currently under development by the L3D research group and on display in the Envisionment and Discovery Collaboratory. These complementary modeling and simulation technologies have the potential to yield tremendous insights and feedback about design issues and tradeoffs that would not normally be possible until after an initial prototype is built. irE virtual reality environments .research into promp; see also Appendix 5  Palmtop Prompting System from AbleLink . y held human beliefsbeing    Some External Links Appendix 5: Dan Davies  Research related to Palmtop Prompting System from AbleLink Daniel K. Davies, President, dan@assess.net, AbleLink Technologies, Inc. After visiting the Clever Project website recently, I ran across Stephan Carmein s thesis proposal dated 1/23/01 titled  A Prompting System for the Cognitively Disabled and thought it would be good to fill you in on some of our efforts in this area. Stephan contacted us late last fall for some information on our research and development efforts related to using technology for individuals with cognitive disabilities, some of which he referenced in his thesis proposal. Apparently, one of our projects was overlooked in his research and I thought I d fill you in on some things that may help avoid  reinventing the wheel regarding research and development efforts that have been undertaken previously. The U.S. Dept of Education has been funding our Visual Assistant project ( HYPERLINK http://www.ablelinktech.com/ http://www.ablelinktech.com/) Click on Voyager, and then Visual Assistant) for two 1/2 years now and with this project we have successfully completed research and development of a Palmtop PC application that provides self-directed visual and audio prompts to help individuals with cognitive disabilities independently perform vocational and independent living tasks. Our system, Visual Assistant(TM) (Patent Pending), will be commercially released this summer, and is based on our Visual ImPact system (formerly PictureCoach) which provides picture, audio, and video based-prompts on a desktop computer to help individuals perform daily living tasks and thus live more independently. In fact, back in 1996 after we implemented our PictureCoach system for Stacy Baesman, Bill and Nancy Baesman s daughter, during one of our previous Dept of Education research projects, the Baesman s were so impressed with its impact on Stacy, they began marketing the Visions system which is based on our PictureCoach system. Our Visual Assistant projects have been funded by the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research, the first project beginning in 1998 ( HYPERLINK http://www.ed.gov/offices/OERI/SBIR/ph198t07.html#assist http://www.ed.gov/offices/OERI/SBIR/ph198t07.html#assist) and completed in March 1999. That project was followed by a two-year project ( HYPERLINK http://www.ed.gov/offices/OERI/SBIR/FY99/phase2/phii99ablelink.html http://www.ed.gov/offices/OERI/SBIR/FY99/phase2/phii99ablelink.html) which began in 1999 and is ongoing. This project has provided us the opportunity to fully research and develop the system and prepare it for commercial release. Along with Dr. Michael Wehmeyer of the University of Kansas, we currently have a research article to be published in Education and Training on Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities entitled,  Enhancing Independent Task Performance for Individuals with Mental Retardation Through Use of a Handheld Self-Directed Visual and Audio Prompting System. Given the fact that Stephan s thesis proposal appears to address very similar work, I thought it would be useful to let you know of our efforts. There certainly are many important extensions of our research that are needed, as well as new ideas altogether that make the options for new research almost limitless. For example, it may be beneficial for Stephan to consider focusing his efforts on a study addressing the impact of such a system for improving independence and quality of life for individuals with cognitive disabilities, using our existing Visual Assistant system. This would effectively allow a contribution of new research to the field. We would be happy to discuss such an opportunity if there is interest. However, that too may replicate other work as there currently is a Doctoral student at the University of Kansas that has been working with our Visual Assistant system during the last year that has proposed a dissertation topic based upon application of our system to individuals with cognitive disabilities. But even so, we would be happy to discuss alternative efforts that could build on the research basis that exists in this area if Stephan or anyone else is interested. I see from your  Who s Who section on your website that you interested in external collaborations. I d welcome the opportunity to hear more about your personal goals and objectives for your project and to investigate opportunities for collaboration between your project and our organization. Best wishes regarding your future efforts to improve the quality of life for individuals with cognitive disabilities, 2 "I$I&I(I*I,IHIIIIIIIII J>J@JtJvJxJzJ|JJJJJJJJJJ.K0K2K4K6KNKPKKKKKKKK*L,L.L0L2LLLLLLLLM"MzM|MMjUmHj:UmHjUmHj@UmHjUmHjFUmHB* mHjUmHB*mHmH jUmHjLUmH>MMMMMMM`NbNNNNNN O O@OBODOHOJOOOPPPP PPPPPPPPPPPQ QBQDQRR6R8R:RRzR|RRR봭j""UmHj!UmH6CJj6CJU5CJOJQJ CJOJQJjCJOJQJUj(!UmHj UmHj. UmHjUmHB* mHmH jUmHj4UmH4LO PPPPPQ@RR@BDFHrfhjz68:Jjlnptv "2RTVX\^ "rtvPPPP&FHJLNPRRRSS*2 S  &S(S.Sd  !JS!SSp"S%SSST:TjTTTTTTU U"U(U8UZ&@b~$++ N+"jz/$j&jZj^j~jjjjjjjjkkk`kbkrkvkkkl0ld2l2:l4HlLlllmmoop$sR4:: bs:dsF;hs;h==f?@*ArB"EssJEbEsssssst"tHtJtLtEENtJPt*NdNbN fNxRxtRXY[[[[[[[[ \\0\2\@\V\X\Z\\\p\\\\\]]`]b]x]|]]]^^*^p^r^t^^^^__B_D_F___ tb__t t8~FHt.PT xz "$&*,.0"$&( "bd&(8 r6T0PRT  vxz<>t  & F ! & F & F  "$,.0$&(>@FHf,j,l,,,,,,,,,,FGGGG*H,H`HbHdHfHhHHH"IjUmH jU50JmH0J j0JUCJCJOJPJQJnH nH 5CJKHOJQJjUmH0JjYUmH jUmHmH5mH0J5j5UmHjx5UmH4t ^!,&j,l,,,,,FFGjH,II~JJ8KK4LLMNLO ! ! & F/ =!"#$%|HH(FG(HH(d'`s xtensively discussed during a CL sonal digital assistant emerged r desire to live independently); see also Appendix 5  Palmtop Prompting System from AbleLink .  TOC \o "1-2" Tathan Ostwaldjsw'Center for LifeLong Learning and Design Road Tripper Kai-Uwe LoserLUS%Center for LifeLong Learning & Design Taro AdachiThomas HerrmannAntonio ConvertiGila Brandt-Herrmann KatharinaJens HagemeyerKatharina JustLuM WiSo Netzwerknn Julius CaesarProf. D. EhrenbergWiesnerOki M. Hrtling"Institut fr Wirtschaftsinformatik Michael HhlProf. Dr. Erich FreseIwiIWiSalamboDr. Michael Mller-Wnsch Anders MrchMarcel HoffmannInformatik & GesellschaftInformatik&Gesellschaft THerrmann Abteilung PMHerrmann Thomas Lus & MaryHerrmannBill & Jessica WitterHubertus v. Amelunxen Michael Hhl???Dr. Michael Mller-WnschJonathan Phillips Leysia Palen David MankinPBMSLeysia A. Paleni Philip Good jackie snookL3D Center, CU-BoulderDepartment of EducationMeryl MoskowitzZack the TrekkieMERYL MOSKOWITZAllan Collins, Super Guy Derek NaylorGovernment UserDept 49 Fadia HarikDiana NunnaleyJuan Lanzagorta Tom BoysenMilken Family FoundationMIJCFMMF Steve BarnettspbRebeccaMichele Deeney Smith Kate HughesMilkenZhu Philips LaiITIMargolisTEL Centre, FEUTKai HakkarainenBeverly HunterDoDDS BBN Employee ConsultantYolanda Jenkins Paula VanciniSESPUniversity of Texas Alex Kass- Alan Feldman Andee Rubin Clare SiskaAnne R. Harris Marc Bohn Jean Lawler Jim HammermanStephanie KajenskimeMichael AndersonBessel A. van der Kolk, M.D.Boston CollegePreferred CustomerFrank Mary BrabeckDebra WhitcombMartin Huntley Judy Wasser(Department of Defense Dependents SchoolsJennifer M Vasta Harvey Gerry linda sudi Dennis NewmanNew_UserMSRRC Harold HaydenCSTEEPEarl J. Craighill Jeanie GrahamCarla Woodworth Eric RickardJames F. ArnoldJames F ArnoldSTDACE Scott Seaton Greg ShraderRoy Pea Danny Edelsona Allen Chen Andy ZuckerZuckerAuthorized Gateway CustomerAndrew A. Zucker Emilie Rothrj mumawBonnee GrooverElizabeth TuckerCode Y NASA/GSFCCode S Martin Ruzek Rosalind KamSchool of Education'Center for Human Growth and DevelopmentCampus Computing SitesCreative Development Bill Cari Tom Buehrer Don BurnettJulie Dean SmithDisney InteractiveStephan FopeanoThe Walt Disney CompanySystem AdministrationDavid J. Watson Sooyoung LeePerry J. Samson Chris DiGianoRochelle RosalesBobbie SorensenSRI Kim MoellerMoira CampbellM Bienk Janet BowersACIS Site License ProgramPatrick W. Thompson Tenth Planet Jason Ravitz David Reider Henry OldsAllysenbbnFrancesca IovineProf. BeuschelComputer StudiesDr. Alexander RepenningNadiaNetwork Administrator M. JO RENNmurray bennett Dave Carlson Jim NewtonRobert S Oswald F Willing Karen SchulerPaul VitRobert B Burkekschuler John Hawrilukdec Linda Trask Tim Koval Harvey ForestRobin McCroddanDan WhitehouseJohn WohlgemuthSOLAREXChris J Boccumini Roger Efird Steve SheaJOSEPH CREAGER Christy Herig Howard WengerHoward J. Wenger Les NelsonThomas J. StarrsERG Carol KawanoVangie Parchamento Jay Glaubitz Steve Breece SMUD Use OnlySMUD Don OsbornMichael Buchanan Steve Sorey Dan WhitneyJohn Slingerland Kim BrainNikki BradfordFORECAST JoAnn Lochner Anita Body Scott ThomasScott Blaising Alicia UribeEd Roman Linda Hensley Daune Kirrene Tim HainesCarol Reynolds Kelli MaynardRichard Hollar Rob Bremault Diana Parker Claire Rogers Judy Rae Beal Dan Leach Bob WichertCNDavid H. MeakinMr. David H. MeakinDavid H.MeakinCESRCynthia Erickson Ward Bower Robert Wills Edward KernRates DepartmentIS02229IS07537 Tammy Arno Amy Furlong Susan Oto Polly Macias Bill Layne Brian JobsonIS08040IS03992 Wood McCannCEC Tony Reyes C Whitaker Bud BeebeKatie McCormack Jan Hamrin Max Sherman Jeff King Jay Quetzel Paul WormserROBERT L. HAMMONDSteven J. StrongDave & Kelly SuttonJamalT. Stanley WhiteGilbert T. FunkNORMAN A. PLUMMERRebecca Campbell-Howe Susan LeFeverLarry SherwoodMarketing Group Dave Fulker Cyndi Raderfred Gina Cherry Cathy Brandn%Yng3n%2nke&& e!e"FhS Tammy Sumnerdurham Anne DrewFaculty Dixie GriffinjohnsoggStefan CarmienRogerio DePaulaRogerio Abreu de PaulaRogerio Depaula Gabe JohnsonRogerio dePaulaErnesto G. AriasJeremy RoschelleCecil D. Robinson Jim KaputBeckyDavid Williamson Shaffer Ray AdamsACER Tom Romberg Fae DremockwcerWCERcindye TRIO ApsetupSue John RichardsStanford Learning LabsAndrew JohnsonThomas G. MoherBVU John Kupiecjfeldman8l\va NdecorteStephen C. HayneRon Rice Ann MajchrzakVicki L. De Hullu Carol Pollard Win 95 Gamma ASU West Select License 01-00138 Gary AndersASU WestRonald E. RiceIl ImIL IMMarshall School of Business Ah Fong CoxDepartment of Sociology Sara DexterCedar Island Elementary EducationGraduate EducationElisabeth A. PalmerElisabeth Palmermavis sinkularCAREICollege of Educ. & Human Dev.C&I Susan WattsCEHDDMC/ADCSUCEMLSadhana Puntambekarkslfran archambaultuceml Amnon Shabo Mark Guzdial Noel RappinChemical EngineeringCindy E. Hmelo Jim Pitkoweducational technology unitDr. John V. Richardson Jr.Joan L. HermanLynee Gilfillan Harry O'NeilUCSB Katharine Fry Eva L. Baker Eva Baker Dan Koretz Brian StecheryasminLisa M. Butler Geoffrey SaxeSteven R. Guberman Tine F. Sloan John IwanagaEducational Technology UnitcseDr. Anthony B. Maddox, P.E.etu Aimee DorrAlfred ManasterStevie D'AmicoCSE"Center for the Study of EvaluationRobert A. DennisSAIS Ron DietelVerna M. YoungMYoung Sasha A Barab Sasha BarabKen Hay Doug BradwayLisa M. LetendreRachel MontgomeryCharlotte Higuchi Judy Miyoshi David Niemi Phil EnderQSP 9500AUTHORIZED GATEWAY CUSTOMERComputing Services Dennis AuAmy Stuart WellsETU Eifannag LiGustavo E. FischmanLaura SalganikKarina B. Otoya Laurette CanoGSE&IS UCLA-ISOPMicrosoft CorporationArne Gilbertson eoffrey Saxe   cadJanet KolodnerCollege of Computing J. J. Hayden Dan MercierPeeGee SchraderUniversity of Connecticut Anita KiteCharlotte LindeThinkPad CustomerGavriel Salomon  Gabi SalomonJudy     Dov Tal'  Dori??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???????' ?????? ???? Graham DysonOsk Carrie-Anne W.Bruvik THE LIBRARYWIN95HEBKathleen A. CavanaughX KManolis Koutlis   1 : 1 James G. GeorgasStamatis Rizakismm Richard Noss Sue Cranmer Pippa HowellFam. Arreola Nez. Lulu HealyCsar Wayne Grant Bob TinkerBarbara TinkerValued Gateway Customer Lee McDavid Sue DoublerPolicy DivisionElaine B. Coleman Kathy Basquil April MarineNASA Ames Research CenterNAIC GLOBE Help Desk Carol YoungSterling Software Janet Smith Pat HeltonCTLVictor MartuzaDr. Elaine B. ColemanTeresa Middleton Dan SuthersMarisela SifuentesInformation ServicesEric H. MercerUniv of Wisc-Madison Mark Schlager Paul GibsonAlice GallowayLinda FlorenceTeleLearning Research Network Scott JacksonGilles Fortier.MinhSDRI Joelle Massey Richard SmithChristine Massey Louis GomezDavid Santucci Shari StockLisa M. PilcherCollege of Education SHERRY HSI nny Edelson Chris DedeCharles C. PolingWolff-Michael RothClaire Christensenlinda rutkowskijean i. feldman rutkowski Thomas Baker Dave SkoleStephen LambrightValerie McDowellDaniel G. BrownJorge Ellen O'Leary Jason M. GoodPeg Shea Jon Sticklen David Pierson pdpearsonP. David PearsonLOUKIA K. SARROUB Joan Hughes US Air ForceMark Herrington: : David PushkinCSAMeLearning Research Network Dawn DavidsonpetersonJoseph C. Farmer Alan LamontSystem SciencesCarolyn BeckmannLinda R. Rutkowski AlliedSignalDebbie ArmstrongnasaNASA/JSC2ord e. : [a an Fopeanol;9 o Interactiveive u y Interactivenett InteractiveThe Walt Disney Comy~tive y Company Disney Company rnett teractive sney Company  eractiveactivesney InteractivePctiveb "!ment Developmentrerbd"opmentonnd Kam  rry J. Samsonerry J. Samsonamson Kam Kam g Lee ris DiGiano9  an SuthersxMarisela SifuentesD 9 H. Mercer  ark Schlager ce Galloway[ ivisionQScott JacksonRichard Smith1 Paul HorwitzBoris BerenfeldPatricia P. Semple Susan VecciaLulu Carole Teach Bob Carlitz Leni DonlanRobert Carlitz PB5300 LoanerFAO Macfarlane Laine OkeseneAHUDSONJefticnick Black Sea PCU Bo Wingard A. KalnievaUN Suresh Khatry Nick Jefticdr. Alenka Malej Ivan PavelicLjubomir JefticCherry PolydorosCherry John RenaudMr Terry JonesIO/OICAFranco EspositoPre-installed User Viktor SebekGateway 2000 Licensed UserDiane Kevin Wall Anv'ndarkopia Anv`ndarkopiaBSEPACOPSSamuel PilgrimJenny BrindleyAllison AlltuckerHarvey Z. YazijianRussell G. Congalton David BonesSteven Pemberton Doug ClarkETCZucker SRI CILT Bonnie ElbaumRaymond M. Rose Robert Semperexplo Rob SemperISRichard T. BeckwithJackson, Riley C. E. ZollarsDebbie CaldwellMichael BernhardtDouglas WinterbergDATATAPE Bob FarkalyMark MardernessKenPattyW Annie Pearson Mike J. Flora Maris KurensJennifer Drescher Jack ThompsonWTIDATATAPE Incorporatedjeanne bardonner ann walters Ron WalkerValued Gateway 2000 CustomerFay Wood Jim Young Barbara LopezRobert Mihalik Bill Millerc gA Valued Microsoft Customer lynn blough Ralph BondElizabeth KemperGlenn L. OlsonOfficeLAN Remote UserMD6Dennis O'ReillyJoanne Hasegawa Intel Corp. Kim GibbonsFrancis Truntzer Brent BaxterIntel Corporation - Folsom, CATJN David Shannon Robyn Jenkinsmartie m helmreichfoo fooJane E. GlasserBruce D. Schechter Mathieu Chuat Dan FinebergMarilyne CoblenzDavid M BrooksAlan F Ignatowski Rick Johnson Paul HahnGregory H. KisorRoe Thea RhiannonINTEL LEGAL TEAM Jim Dornfeld Aslam KhaderSequent Computer Systems IncDan OhlemacherSequent Kevin Joyce Joe PowellA WriterCraig GraugnardIntel Todd Brooks Chris Ciardi Roy Coppinger Troy SeversonRick D. JohnsonTaizoon DoctorPriscilla Nguyen Thomas LeeLori O'CallaghanKelly R. Cartertemp Richard WardMichele Goodman Gary VothTom AlfaroZiertenMIS Department Greg LeakeWord Development Pat Gelsinger Renee James Tom Waldrop Intel Demo Michael @ Law Intel Corp Stacey O'HaraMichael S. Richmond Les Vadasz Stacey Clark John Raftreys Vicky LambertChristine Chang kazumi nomiyaRobert A. Dunstan bernie meyer Stanley Mo TG DOWLINGMary Frances Baldes Eva M. Jack Margie JonesMarjoryMichael C. Maibach howard i high Tracy koon Karen L Alter Pam Pollace VICKI PIERCE Jim Knapp Mike Richmond Mariah Scott Kathy Melcher Ann Lewnes KEN PAWLAK Jim BodioThomas Calvert Mike Reynolds Jay Lundell Dawn KimballSara L. 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Marion Selma Sax John CradlerRick Hayes-Roth Rina BenmayorCSU Monterey BayRosalie StrongShannon HalliwellCandice Waeckerle Chris Taylor Samia Estassipatty fernande Ken WandermanJim MayKen Wanderman & Marsha Moroh Performa User Josina Makau Steve PotterMarcelyn Kropp CSU Employee MARY WELLSHelen YamashitaLisa FernandezshannonBree CandiloroDiane Gonzales Josh Wood gary carreon Marsha Moroh Jean LuciaTawny WilliamsLaLa????? next user third userkellee humphreyCORIKimberlee ThiessenGraciela RochaBethtina WoodridgebryRobert van SpykJohn C. IttelsonClaudia Tony LucasTulia Cobian-Garciabree candiloro Gary Carreon Allison Reid Wendy Costa glenn davis MEGAN STRONGJennifer smithxaviera cooper jean Lucia Laura Riggs Anne BaldwinkwMarsha 's 2nd passMarsha 's 3nd passfrancisDonald G GoldenCSU, Monterey Bay Paula ColeChristine SleeterJeffrey A. Waugh Heidi VelascoChristine Nieto Daffy Duck Toms KalmarOffice of the ChancellorCSU MONTEREY BAY Mary MauroRoss Miyashiro Carl Siechert Chris WoodAvery DennisonIdea ArtOn PaperThe California State University Mary RobertsCal State Monterey BayJeanais Brodie Keven Backman&Solutions for Education Administrators Thanh Loi Dan Pacenti Kevin Tokar Armando Ariaszenola Bobbi LongQun Wanglisa fernandezRick Steinbachvalerie olivarrialeticia garcia stela tovar monica ramiez jason plummer myrna roedell mary Robinson sergio chaves David Bourke Betty Fisherkathleen normandinJennifer Freeman Alex Ribeauheitz Jane Tonkinstephanie scattiniCSUMBLucinda Tanner Nancy ValdezMonica RamirezDanielle Guerra Jed Gibson Mary Robinson Jason Plummer Jason O'KeefeC&TRobertC & TComputing Services CSUSM Richard Brayc&t ComputingCSU San Marcos DIANE EHLERSKathleen PhillipsJody D. Dunkelkristie birrell Cary BrowneFred FlintstoneValerio C. FermeKathy JohnstoneLatitude Communications Dave KlemGene C. 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Levin Kevin SteinkePatrick Canning John Cleave joan king Joan King Kristy FoxMichaelKorcuska Mike Korcuska Lee Guthrie Scott FriendMark SmithivasSupportJeff LaufenbergKass Brian PostDave GuralnickAnn-Marie McHugh Brenda Strong Gabriel BonneMSTStacie S. Hagan Stacie HaganAndersen Consulting Lisa M. Roen David LungrenSteven Slomiany Geri Smith Anne Northrup Greg Saunders INTERSOLVOrtony Shawn Yardley Alex Kass The ILSRobert W. WeeksLeigh Thompson#Institute for the learning Sciences Franziska Lys avid M. HullRadinskyThe CoVis ProjectBethany Johnston MarshallAuthorized User$Lesbian Gay Bisexual Resource CenterThe University of Texas Karen EiknerCharles A. Dana CenterThe Charles A. Dana Center..CAREHalley A. Merrell Saran Jane David MolinaTSS Connie Stout!The University of Texas at AustinlkellyDwight SweeneyDwight P. SweeneyDr. Robert B. JacksonBrenda B. CasperHeroldM. J. WaterwayJacquelyn JimenezUT Inventory #640064TETNWalter M. StroupMath Ed ResearchThe Universityoof TexasSybil Kelleher Jada NealLearning Sciences Corp. Wendy BowerThomas W Zielonka'The Institute for the Learning Sciences Amy MelnicsakDenise Conanan Steven Feist Beth van EsDonna L. SchanckjmelchiRoscoe C. Giles John Toole Denis Newman Chris HartmanChristopher HoadleyJulie Ann Scherer Amy LewisTerry MiddletonAugustina Biosic9 o Ralph ManakMichael SimkinsMarion CollinsFPPCQ Karen SmythInternational Programs Kate O'RourkeDaniel W. Morris Bill WrightVarlam Chkuaseli Kinney Thiele Herman GyrMaura A. Kendrick Kim Norman Larry Ruch National MCNEMCRegistered User Bruce AzumaJoe McLaughlinJulie A. Miller Mark TrippelSMCBrian D. Eustis Paul H. MoorePennzoil Company Jeff BalentinJeffrey Park JonesEDSJeff Balentine Bill Dahm tim schuehlerRJ Peggs Bob Lockhart Karen MillerRandee Greenleaf Nguyen Chuong Paul S. MyersVaughan MerlynCBIBarrington Womens Club Ernst & YoungErnst & Young LLPClara Mortimer Teresa Manco Eliot MeadowTimothy R. CormanGary Hershorin Lynda CarterDr. James A. RodegheroWright, Denise Norma Barrett Rudy RugglesPeter S. Greis Donna NufrioArthur AndersenSheely RichardMarilyn Gillette ERNST & YOUNG Monica SaigalNATIONWIDE INSURANCEMetLifeEast Great LakesKaren Manteneri - E&Y LLP John Malone Danny BlonienKerry NewberryJane Kleymeyer Dan GilbertJeffrey R. Youngericbl Mark BoraoWEST MCWest Cindi WatkinsRod BrindamourThomas TompkinsSteve Robinsonj d Nora HannaSuzanne K. LowingJ D Thomas Hallet Atlanta SMC Roger LehmanManagement ConsultingErnst & Young, UserRandall RussellFrances GartzkeKathleen M. Gehrett Dallas SMC Sarah Davis Phyllis Parma David SimpsonHeather Hembly Trevor AllenWest MC Al HersheyErnst & Young, Mike Thomas Ken Winter John DublerRobert A NieuwenhuizenCarrie Phillips Monica BhideJennifer J. PfaffKathleen M. UngerPhilip FriedlanderMonica PetersenEmployeeb96613Douglas S. EthierWest MC - PhoenixBellSouth Wireless Rich Marr/SMC Rich MarrJeffrey W. Miller AssociateSMC\Ernst & YoungHoechst CelaneseJames K. Mayes Michael Kurbs ann brickley R. B. CecilDebbie AlbertiniAlain Benedetti Dave SchraderMel Barracliffe Steve Ingram Rick CollinsSusanna Caterina Ventura Mike Minor Ian Stuart Gail L. Stein Anita Hatch Debra SpinksPiero Colonna di PalianoPolitecnico di Milano - D.E.ME210 Kristin BurnsGwendolyne WoodCenter for Educational Tech.Wheeling Jesuit College B. HowardClassroom of the Future Alan Drysdale MackowiakHelena A. DooleyAlan E. Drysdale NASA/LSSCM36356Todd C. Arnold LSSC / NASAPayload ManagerNASA Susan KasicaClara M. AndersonCathy Lewandowski-Scoggins Arden Belt Bob Yarbrough Darwin Brown mel hefter Karen Crook Teri Lohningkollers alan drysdaleE6071 LSSC / NASAmorgan ic;*.dib;LSSF Dick StrayerISER Jack KruseMichael Hunt JonesMarilyn Walker Carl D. Howe Shehab NawawiTony Adam Tratt Manish Vij Sam HobsonThomas Minsker Dr. C C REDDY Laura ShawneeMitchNTTC Amster HowardC. Daniel Miller Allan PerezMITRE Gayle WixGuerin C. Goldsmith Ken Hanes David Garbin LM Hazzard Thomas Fowler Mike ChisholmEdward S. Talley Jeff DaulerBBN Laura Murdy Kim BicknellTricia Petrosillo Bruce RosenNancy Kay Sturm#Center for Educational Technologies Bruce HowardAdministration CenterElaine ColemanirlIRL Gayle Britt Wadi HaddadWadi D. Haddad Martha AgredaSaxe Jim SlottaL LadaoJoseph KrajcikCarolyn Staudt Shea McGovernDixonRussell G. ComgaltonSASPG Rebecca Boger Sherry Hsi Kristin Barrbthomas Kate Harvey Robert Rieger Freda Husic Jeff & CaceyElsebeth SorensenMichael GtzschebjeremyCollege of Arts & SciencesMichael CapetoTimpreferred customer Maria Blanton James KaputEric R. HamiltonLawrence E. Brandt - CISE/ASCDASCLawrence E. BrandtV.GREGGGDE Systems, IncPDC LabGDE SYSTEMS Inc.GDE SYSTEMS, INC.cpg....Keith ThurstonAlison RichardsMichelle Boyette Caryn ReadingJennifer KaganMeredith Ittner Rita Oates Production Heidi Gilman Pat ThompsonJamal Z Bernhard Elise Harmon Janet Utech Gina Funaro Joanne LobatoJuline AguilarBonnie Schappellemwalker Tom GondaRichard D'Andrea Alan Bishop Brock AllenKingKevCollege of Art & Sciences Helen DoerrJoanna O. MasingilaSarah SupulskiSarah BerensonCollege of Ed & Psy 420 PMac 05 420 PMac 117500 11Michael J. JacobsonLUCIAJTOSEMANAAASJo Ellen RosemanKelvin E Bennett Peter Taylor Site License - Curtin UniversityF J & PA FORSTERFischer Uni Bremen Thomas PutneyGraduate School of EducationWilliam Prothero Jim GaskellDG IIIDDAF 69Pascal et EricadejongKarine RobinaultCOASTUMR GRIC CNRS LYON IIGECCRIBIM CLIPS/IMAGPierre-Yves Raccah medves nino Equipe IHMPTFranz Peter SeilerprennouMRASH rossi marioKohler Etienne KLEIN Grard COLLETKh LaiEMSECOLONNAAlbert Chr. PaulsenUMR GRIC COASTComputer Based Learning UnitP.T.D.E.DP KONIAS MIXAHLMarie Genevive Sr weil-barais TRIBOULET Meg MORLEYuser Sylvain AubinCORPORATE FINANCE David KellyMarge McKinnonregina schmitt BOYD ALANsoretNonameRon and Syl SamborskiMiriam Reiner.miriamrContinuing StudiesHans E. FischerKrster guess whoRosemarie TempleM. TolanBBCDept. of Education K. HolderK.HOLDER C.S.S.M.E. Keith HolderNorbert Pachler Unknown UserPhilippa Chloe PoutComputer Services Adrian WhealElizabeth Newmanadmin computing user supportADMIN COMPUTING SERVICES Roger Gair ADMIN COMPUTING SERVICES M51/007 David TaylorDepartment Of Educationadrian hollidayJane HuddlestonDidaktik der PhysikHorstptdeDemoCEPHYLEN/LABO DIDASCO Votre nomLaurent Veillard.Mits/ '/ _Garo Bisdikian_ Lorenza Grard COLLETKh LaiMarie Genevive Sruser prennouOphthalmology & OrthopticsBERNARD GARNIER MAClient PrferChristoph KodronH.KodronHK David YeomansSchool of PCET Allan Martin S S Jordan s s jordanDr. E.J.Foster Stephen Bax Mary Haggard Rob Nanstad iris randall nicky_lucasHolliday Gary HepburnfeldmanJean I. FeldmantechctrHH jean feldmanScotty & Angie Scott & Angie Ray CalabreseScott Alan WestMikeSusan N. BoyerPFPPPP8PPbPq/ '/ H"0 1KG$KF$KP$KH$KK$KO$HfHfHfPaul GathercoalSteve McElfresh& Youngic*.dib?4 IyThe California State Universityz Mary Roberts&Cal State Monterey Bay|(CSU Montere ^francisProgress Indicator Data SourcesNotes"Implementation Patterns and Issues6Number and characteristics of participating classrooms*Winter 99 Teacher SurveyqNo. of teachers implementing GLOBE, types of classes or other settings involved. Survey data available from Yr 3mExtent to which various components (e.g., learning activities, visualizations) of GLOBE are being implementedbNumber of students involved with each component in typical week. Survey data available from Year 3GModels for implementing GLOBE at classroom, school, and district levels) establishment of communities of learners Site visits<Distribution of GLOBE components across class/grades/schools curriculum integra-tion! involvement of outside resourcesQChallenges encountered in implementing GLOBE and strategies for dealing with them Site VisitsnInclude curriculum integration, lack of time, funds, administration support. Survey data available from Year 3Effects on Teachers:Effectiveness of GLOBE teacher training and other supports+ expected utility of potential enhancementsPost-training QRsFDesirability of potential supports. Survey data available from Year 3 %Impact of GLOBE on teaching practicesMTo come from on-site observations and interviews. Data available from Year 2Impact on Schools/School ReformIncreases in collaboration, interdisciplinary approaches, technology use, use of outside resources, organizational supports for inquiry approaches fostered by GLOBE0To come from on-site observations and interviews( relate to community of learners conceptEffects on Students(Attitudes and interest regarding science*Student SurveyData available from Year 3 /Understanding of environmental science concepts environmental awarenessWeb Assessment Pilot data available from Year 3OSkills in measurement, data interpretation and manipulation, and technology use-Web assessment to include data interpretation data available from Year 2Contribution to Science&Size and consistency of GLOBE data setStudent Data Archive6Extent to which student data are accurate and reliableused by scientists*Science PI Survey Publications$Correlates of Quality ImplementationSite and training variables associated with implementation of more components (e.g., learning activities and data analysis as well as data collection)Franchise Survey9Analysis requires teacher-supplied data on implementation will do in Year 5USite and training variables associated with more sustained and broader data reportingCan begin analysis in 98-99Gregory N. CoxCCTSchool of Education NATALIE SAMANJoanne Mckenzie Tom HinojosaPatricia Schank Linda Polin Jane DavidShields-EstradaPatrick Shields John Kalb Randy HaykinAdvent Software, Inc.Piperakis, Andrea Prescott LeeAlice K. M. Hayashi Bob Bermant`i?bP[Dean Hargreaves Bob McCown Michel DcaryMei Chen Nancy TorbitAlenoush SaroyanSteve MatthewsCheryl AmundsenCheryl Amundsen Kathryn Barker IT Services Donna BoychukBrokInstitut for KommunikationMary Wildner-Bassett Robby Robson Tan Grimes Erika Arias yunwen ye Yunwen Ye Wayne WardDonna CaccamiseComputer Science DepartmenttcycharlesCandyStephen DarwallPiotr MichalowskiISSS Heinz SchoolDesktop ServicesDLIGeorge W. FurnasSILS ITSKim M. Morrisson Michael CohenSchool of Music Mary SimoniBarbara SimonsnotkinSchool of Information StudiesMilton Mueller ISSS-Lester Dennis NealeShanan G. GibsonMary Beth RossonChristine Holmfelt Gary S. BrownLeonard FerrariAdministrative Client ProjectVa TechJurgen Koenemannjim Jim Helms Josef FinkAUnknown EMILIANIhans-guenter.lindnerTommaso BurgassiDIMMK Daniel Dunlap Axel PoignMarc Hassenzahl BuchbinderProf. Dr. Jochen PrmperRichard Winett(College of Human Resources and Education Thomas HeadlincLiNCA-TechATECH COMPUTER LAB Lindsay Bowen Scott Case Richard NanceAlistair SutcliffeHCI Lab TSS WSS USER Jeff KenyonGil Richardson lila lauxJose C. Castillo Jim DubinskyJames M. DubinskyStephen G. Thoams David FaraceKen ReifsniderFEORCCharles Bostian Scott MellerTAT john haake Mike MillerCathy S. Scotto Division 5606Cathy S. ScottoBernadette MondyMatthew WinstonCollege of EngineeringUniversity RelationsCWTWillard W. Farley Wim J. LamMarca J. Lam-AndersonAUTHORIZED GATEWAY 2000 USERGateway Authorized CustomerRobert W. Soutas-LittleProf. Harley H. CudneyJoyce BartlettLouise S. Shwartz Philip SpeserFred J. Kohout 486 Master M. RobertsPeter M Nessen OUSD(A&T)Joshua GotbaumLtCol John SeibertDesiree Pavlicmoulding Sue DouglasclamantdbaldwinSPA SPA, Inc. Karen Kolen Carol SzotCTC Betts E. JohnIrv BlicksteinoasdSECDEFWilbert D. Pearson US ARMY SARDARobert N. MiglinOSDAsst. Dir ARPA Bob Reddy Jill AveryCol. Robert Reddy larry cogley Roy H. SennKaman Sciences CorporationSusan TSusan TurnbachKaman Sciences CorpNAMEMIS Ass't DirectorA B Technologies, Inc. Sonia Feiler George Moe R. Lapinski Bo Filanowicz Col Hartz Craig Rabb Steve Gehring Daniel C. DoeIDADebbie Edentonsee network administrator Steve GriffinChristopher DiPetto HQ ACC/DRSAFNET Guy Higgins P. J. BulgerASC/EN Kurt Stand Chris DiPettoGARTH VAN SICKLEdcs Al RainisJohnL.A. AIR FORCE BASE harry hopkins Bob Adkinson 43 CS/SCSCFrank Maginnis Carl SchaeferBetty HollomanESC/ENABW/SAMiMian2ents afforded by such centers (by October 1, 2000): and, An assessment of the number of staff years of efforHSC/PKR #23WHCY5Kenneth G. DoughertyCSA T.R. WithersOASD C3I CISA UserJohn E. WaltersJCS Desktop IVRebecca S. P. WillseyRebecca S. WillseyKathleen A. ReganOUSD(A)Rome LabVirgil HertlingScott A. Foreman, 1Lt Code 5320 User NameOUSD (A&T)/DT&E Bob O'Donohue MARIO MIRANDAMaj Becky BeamanAFMC Marty JacobspalmergMichael B. Leahy JrASC/XR Brian KosmalLAI Rob Alfordclpetrin Jim WithamcliettCraig RandolphWL/DOIMAaron HenningsgaardRobert BurlesonPaul Gallagher gene meieran Otis Nettles Pat Heimbach bette & bill Louis S. Fuse Lisa Stout Judi BallWilliam A.J. KirknerSpace Electronics Division Tom Zemkenonell Larry GoodellBarry S. Watson Michal Safar Mike Ross Unassigned Fred ColemanYour Name Here Carol S. SzotCharlie Bocook Paul Hambrock Jeanie WoodsJohn Gilchrist Bob Klaus Lou SimplemanAthena Merrill Yee Your NameNAMOMichael Mitchell WILLY WILLARDrdehnertSpecs & Standards Reform Ed HiehlenaylorGRACEASCEN John J. ClarkScott D.McLennanScott D. McLennanJames Edward Giles III Ruth ColtartDennis N. Lauercoltart Wojciechowski Frank Lane Frank A. Lane Mary Grafton OUSD (A&T)Kathleen Ferguson C. Jordan Al HauklandJacqueline M. Lawes Tom HaferBase Transition User Spanky KirschHERSHDSChuck Marshall John S. Eicke Jeff GravattJon BergBeers and CutlerDennis WightmanLarry S. KlapperWilliam A. RossNAVAIR Bill Hong William Hong'PO# 5130963 Disk Dupe for Windows V4.2cNed H. Criscimagnawilliam tagliaferri mthompson Ellen Walker2IIT Research Institute Ellen WalkerC. Richard UnkleDennis R. HoffmanPeter B. Lakey Darrell Bartz Donald ThomasAnn Marie NeufelderMICHAEL E. BROOKSmtimmonsCSERIAC Program Office Steve FlintER DirectorateRome Laboratory Site LicenseDMR Group, Inc. Anne HudsonRichard HudsonPatrick T. HetheringtonNatalie Nodianos CRAIG BOOTHSHEREE LIPINSKI Asst Director NGB-ARP-PP$Army National Guard Readiness Center Michael HayesssdcaaaWestfields Registered UserDARODavid & Bobbi TraskDoDdaroNAVAL AIR SYSTEMS COMMANDTerkeeta Denson DIANNE MCFALL David Zink Dave Craig Doug Bowen Rich MouldinDaria Ma Peter AthanasMarten de Vries1Lowell BallardN??sburlingScott R. Macrae Scott MacraeCtr for Trans. ResearchMathematics DepartmentTHE ADHESION SCIENCE LAB Craig RogersInformation Systems John DillardMary Lou Bourne Zachary Adams Wayne Donald Alice WalkerRGSCustomer Support Manager"Center for Transportation Research Robert JamesTracey Talley SchroederArvindLeadership AssociatesVA TECHA&S Deans Office Lisa YoungPersonnel Services Deborah YoungGayle SteinbergMike Chamberlain joanne eustisPaul Alison Cumbee Doug SmileyEHSSEnv. Health & Safety Services Edith hampton Brian DailyISIS Brenda HusserManager, PhotoGraphic Services Jack LeskoCE Computer LabLambton CollegeBUILDING CONSTRUCTION VA TECHDr. Flynn L. AucheyEric Showalter Lay Nam ChangJoseph S. Merolarobin panneton cooper John FicenecSigrid B. GustafsonNirbhay N. SinghNicole JalbertEducation Technology LabBiological Sciences InitiativePatricia BevanCarmel VaccareDavid Carter-TodBrenda W. ShirleyAcademic EnrichmentMuriel KranowskiSonja B. Sperlich Laurie GoodComputer Network Liaison Scott DoronAnnette Roper DoctorrgsMorino Tracy Baynard Cathy Lange Mario MorinoShannon Haworth_b Peter Bostrom Neil Oatley Bill CoolLinda G. SowersLB. J. W. CasstevensKelly Jackson-HigginsInformation Resources Rick VegaCheryl Collins James PageMario M. Morino Gabie Badie Rana JaffanGuest PCGeorge Gingerelli Bill BarbourGerald A. Stratford Ned Lilly Jean PollyCarolyn RedmonSharon SchmittMorino Kevin DolanMario M. Morino Diane PerlmanSchone Malliet Legent Corp. US Army Sales Team Eval Software JEFF CLEATONLegent CorporationLEGENTLegent Liz Satriano DAVE CONNELLCristin Juli AckermanAndrew McCasker Walt Thomas Dennis GreenAnbu AlagarsamyLisa V Molesworth Marty RobinslegentAmy L. Anderson Craig Moore Butch RambishTerry Meredith Luis Motles Joe MonteilGeorge Alan EsworthyTim J. HofmannWannetta G. HesterJennifer Welti Anders Hall Legent CorpValued CustomerPeter Bostrom. Jeff CleatonZimri C. Putney  Howard Hyle Intouch 5 David BurkeAlistair CampbellNicole Messina Fran Witzel Dave Burke Leslie Burke Clair Sassin Tim MeyersxTxhxixjxmxs_#__!_   D" _ Sx_ _OP__^em_ &  B_______x__|"!#$(01*46789J:KNTWXZYU_Vf`c_d_g_jpnt_ _ _ x z! ____0 ______EF__ Theresa Cobb Anne LordJohn D. Liebengood Rob Doolittle Karina Oyola Holly CappsSteve FleckensteinJohn M. McCannStephen T. ShoaffEDACThomas P. CarusoUOIPHyerShannon Jeff CrowderV P E CMichael J. MartinVTIPMats W. JohanssonJohn G. Kuykendall, PE, VINCE MILLER Debra BalesSuzanne TuggleJan SchoonmakerEricRobert E. Curtis Eliza TseISE Dept John WilsonErin S. ChampagneInformation Processing Donna S. PittDon G. Creamer Joyce MoserLaurie ZuckermanLarissa ChadwickMark A. Manross John Phillips Robert BatesWillard FarleyCWTLABDean of Students Justin SegerKenneth A. Gilbertcaus Sally SteeleRichard Steele Bob StempleJoan Myklebust Bruce ChalouxMats W. JohanssonAhmed M. Darwishosman Wayne ErchakAhmed M.Darwish Lee Kok SengChen Ru Dan Lough Suzanne KellyPatrick MillerPat Roth Virginia TechDenise Linkenhoker Vocational & Technical EducationTechnology EducationCommunications Network LiaisonBrendaPhotoGraphic Services RGS Admin Kathy SurfaceVA TechACPPatricia Arvin JacksonPatricia Jackson Nick StoneDr. Joyce F. Williams-Green Landrum Cross Cathryn GoreeCET Vasti Torres Diane Cooper James Reaney(Derita Ratcliffe- Office of Student life BELL ATLANTICJim Reidenbach Diane HortonDepartment of PhilosophyEnglish DepartmentGlenn McGee PhD Alva PhillipsKatkins Paul DolezelLou Ann Phipps Bell Atlantic Judy Lilly Erv BlytheJohn AnderjaskaDiane Gallagher Eric W. RabeAndrea Ted Hudacko stratecomKathryn French Stacey RennerBacusConfiguration ManagementFrankie RussellMary Salisbury Ken Cutler Mary RalstonDaniel O'Callaghan Andrea JensenMelanie Shaver Eugene LewJohn R. GauthierElizabeth A. VanStoryPeter SchirlingPeter W. Adams Don Albert(College of Forestry & Wildlife Resourcesb?b2Cno-HigginsTginso Morino l Softwareg Neil Oatleyo9 .U3Legent Corp. (Mario MorinoLegent Liz Satriano Mario Morino Class & CompvcuHuman Resource DivisionWork and Family ResourcesVCUMarilyn CovingtonHuman ResourcesCarol E. Dutcher Janice McBeeF. M. Anne McNabbHotline Operators Martin DanielSusie SillimanRobert T. SumichrastTracy Gasperini Nick PalmieriRichard AlvarezEHSS Authorized UserComputer Science Dale D. LongKaren E. Akers Janet Sanders KhromenkovOffice????????Vadim PanioutaWord????FranzUser???????? ?????????????? ???????vpAlexandre Katalov Sergei SpilkaNo ???? ? ??Serge Fort DialogueYuri Voituckevich124 Kevin BeigelMarianneRONMalcolm McPherson Marc AbramsMelanie GeorgeChristine C. HolmfeltCharles W. BostianScott F. Midkiff Bob Keddell Sherry BarrChristine Truett Joy ColbertGeorge Glasson Derring02Jeffrey Frykholm Andrew Dillon Gautam PatelFOBEdith Cowan UniversityJJudgePBDACR/DJWdonddkFaculty of Business..Faculty Of BusinessStandingSweettFaculty of BusinessMike and Linda MorrisViswanath VenkateshAndrew & Marian Robert DownesOUSD-PRRhonda LandersDavid E. CloughMichael LightnerCIPScips Stadium Lab Carolyn JamesagormanPC Will Toor Will's Brainwyf[^bauerTPWbauermaJohn CherniavskyAT-HCI Laboratorypam cole Hanna HanSean FryXavier PachecoconnorshosomTESTERdan Akira MiyakeDr. Marcel Just Marcel Just Priti Shah Amy Howerter Mike EmersonScott A. Hawkins Elaine Smith Dan Kimberg%Speech, Language and Hearing SciencesCynthia A. EckleyNeuroepidemiology BranchBruce A Robertson Jenni ApplebyJenni jenny applebyHerman Buschke jim hoeffnerJ0zfPriti Shah, Ph.D. Rae Sullivan Mark D Grosstjung Mark Gross Tasha Morris Daiyo Sawada AdministratorTolmanF.Tolman Mark Mooiman Hans Schevers Chuck EastmanEastmankhanh Canan E. NLAutodesk, Inc. Don HarrisB. Dwayne Mitchell Mark WeismanDr. SadrMWK bookeditorRobin DrogemullerGodfried Augenbroe Jim Craigaerospace engineering Don Brown Jeff Simon Eddie HoldBonnie Jean GibbsDave MazzuchelliAuthorized CustomerHarvey J. Hindin Greg WiseRichard L. Ptak Jasmne Noel Tony Iams VersprilleKen Versprille Greg WeissMike LebrasseurConstance J.S. PhilipsWilliam A. Estrem Jasmine Noel Terrance Ngai Gregory Weiss Bill BradleyParker Nichols CompanyAngela GoodwinTerry RAYNSFORD Susan Barnumklb Wally ColeGeneralD. Christine LehmkuhlEngineering System SupportAlpha Personal SystemspavDigital+CSG - Howard Drobner - PKO3-1, DTN 223-5081Dave Cox Tom RarichThomas D. RarichProduct ManagementMelissa Phelan Kim GerrardDenise Favorat Alan GoldmanESS Sal Capizzi NCR AssociatenorriaSPHALEN Will RobinsonDeloitte & Touche ConsultingCHICAGO OFFICEJoseph J. Byrne Atlanta MC Russ Madlenerv-jschar Lori Merrick mary kirkDoreen KindredSue ConstantinidesElizabeth Cundiff Nev GroveTAZ Ishel K. Idme Anne DenskBULL SA Tom PfaeffleOracle Corporation Marc Halpern John Collins Helen Parr Bill Moransgibbs Bruce VesseyMargaret HendreyLaurie S. GoodmanAlastair WatsonW. Haascs_s455NameAuthorised UserWatsonDr Yacine RezguiKeng LimPRO_02Kostas Terzidis Anders EkholmSverker FridqvistPowerMacintosh User Henri Achten Osman AtamanmdgEthan B. deFreesAnnalisa Dixon Joo Bento MS - FCCN/1/8 Protocolo MS/FCCN - Joo AzevedoJoo Afonso R.S.Pereira Bento Joao Matos WAUTERS FILIP Jo o Bento John GeroVladSystems ManagerFaculty of Health Sciences SecretariatGraham FindlayRaymond PatmanR.PatmanPlanning Support OfficeLegal Peter SwanDepartment of Finance Claire Baxter Paul MartinAccounting & Finance Mike AitkenDeacons Graham & James Shanna MoyesSchool of AccountingMichael BriersPeter F LuckettDept of Accounting & FinanceStephanie Choong Peter Booth Hani AhadyaniIan A. Gilhooley MIS Division DIS Division%Divisi Depositori dan Informasi Saham!Divisi Sistem Informasi ManajemenKevin CampbellFaculty of Economics & CommerceInformation Services BranchFacility Management Branch Alec Duncan. Peter GossChris JenningsInformation Technology Ross McLeod Stewart Joy ALAN WONG John Goodhew Jon Rosalky Deirdre McKayFaculty of ScienceKim SchwietersFinance Paul SlaterINTERNAL AUDIT AND REVIEW UnimutualLynette VincentEMERGENCY DEPARTMENTDavid WeisbrotVice Chancellors Office Fay Sudweeks ??? & ???RockyJ OngMonteiroRabee Carlos DamskiCynthia RobertsYum, Kwok-KeungMarkus HorstmannKwok-Keung Yum Steve Marz Jeff Holttrl22620 Ian DaggerCSIROCarlosGovind S ShankarR PatmanChair, Academic BoardFaculty of AgricultureDEDEMary Lou Maher Hal Radin$Oracle Systems (Australia) Pty. Ltd.Darren RushworthVincent Waising Fung Compucon UserbreKrassimir BenevskiGeospatial Analysis Centerpedlove EASSHERIFProf. Mark BurryBrian Hennessey George SiatosStephen J WalshIan LimAnna Call DeskNelson Frank KennedyF.P. & C.G. Kennedy iCON UserRoger HadgraftComputer Centre John Smith Bob Williams R.F.Peelen ROKITANSKI Bart Coenen Kai BogenPer Jarle Furnes Debbie Powell Vicki TutungiDr Lionel Pullum Selwyn Tucker Rhyll Reed John Thomson MARIA CATANIA Helen HammondConstruction MaterialsAHURIPat Kubiliunas Jeff SymonsWELSH Phil HaseldenVinceFire TechnologyAngelo Delsante David McKayDavid Howard Leslie Steve Moller Vic Deeble John CrawfordRosemary A. HookPETER EDWARD DAVID LOVE IT ManagerEveline Caldwell Sue Gould Beccy MotenLutherCompaq CustomerCampbell FraserwD? 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Sheltonxiaomei Adrian Klein$Department of Building & Real EstatehkpujasmitBurryDeakinStephenjiangxu Jiannong CaoCity Polytechnic of Hong KongTechnical ServicesCity University of Hong KongCPHKJCaoDepartment of ComputingjimgeodccDr. Farzad KhosrowshahiFarzad KhosrowshahiHNR Tong Wing SauBREbsireneDEAKIN UNIVERSITYHarley ScardoelliEmerson FerreiraDenise Antunes da SilvaMargaretchaMyung Yeol ChaHaruyuki FujiiCha Martin FrameTaylor Nelson AGB plcTaylor Nelson Sofres Plc Scott Chase Tony Koppi David SiddleDept. of LA/RPProfessor George RzevskiBrynGeorge RzevskiJonas Ian ParmeeMara de la Luz Reyes Nabeel KoshakMDG D? [ Jeffrey HuangXORDAF/XORJFREDERICK H. ZEITZ Janet PeasantJoe UserPSE!Informations System Collaboratory Jintae LeeJon K. Fujiwara Mark Klein David S. Dobya valued microsoft customerEllen DoCarol StroheckerMargaret Shinkle Bill Lambert Kevin Brooks MERL USERJustine CassellTerrance A. BrownDennis Bromley Renata Bushko Joanne BosDavid RosenthalRachael Sokolowski Jon Bower Roy RussellKerry A. Quigley JoAnne BosLaura M. Kaplan Ronald BrayMichelle Cincotti Rick LevineJohn Scarcellagregg almquistProgram OfficesGary DavenportHarley M. Rosnowjgross Jeffrey GrossDresseldavemi albie Bargoot Greg Stone Roger PowellMichelle DoscherM.I.S. David E. OwenColleen MacAllisterV. "Juggy" Jagannathan Dialogic CorpErik Tarkiainen Audrey Pobre Clair Lavery Diane OwensHartmann & Lotz Peter GallonRob John Vail Jos VerniestMARIE CELESTE MCENERY Jim WilliamsCompUSA CustomerDirk Van Compernolle Vince Azzara Renee KeelMaureen DeianaCheryl CordimaTINA NAPOLITANO Jody ReardonAlistair McDougallI.S.Luc Van TichelenGuido GallopynJeffrey GetzinHeide-Mieke ScherpereelDirk Van Compernolle Stephanie Youker Mary CampFrank M. Carrabba Wim Den HaesecompiEricMYvonne HAESEVOETSJeffrey Getzin Frank Verbist Erin HemenwaychriscMISL&H Don Selesky Andrew Dixon Koen SchoofsJoyce SullivanKelly CamirandJennifer Jennifer Saad Lisa KellarKatje VanDeventer Elliott Lowe Televox User Steve McGrath Frank Caris Kim AdamsRebecca LaBrunerieGregg Almquist Kris Seyen P. DepeckerSusan L. ToledanoralphPC197MikeB Barry Slowey Jaye AlbaCorporate CentreDarya A. DonnellyMorling & CompanyAl AgbayJennifer Stevens Peter LingPhilips Dialogue SystemsRichard D. LeCourPC97PC239Matthias PankertThomas HelfertMichael HertelQuality ManagementJohann Michael HirtlPC230 Bernard DrostTheo SchnittfinkThe Disk Frank Rizzo Tim HertzJens MarschnerEnrique Marti del Olmo David Peck Olaf SchrerAndreas Fitzner Marc HelbingHans van der LindeMaximilian HdlPC18Philips Dictation Systems Johan Melein Chris ForceME* Tom MorseDaniel C. WonakM??TempM.I.S. 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FMicrosoft Word DocumentNB6WWord.Document.8 ՜.+,D՜.+,P  hp  '&Center for LifeLong Learning & DesigntZSg  Title 8@ _PID_HLINKS'AHNPGdiagrams:logo.gif2]Dhttp://www.ed.gov/offices/OERI/SBIR/FY99/phase2/phii99ablelink.htmlx%lZ2http://www.ed.gov/offices/OERI/SBIR/ph198t07.htmlassist]VWhttp://www.ablelinktech.com/x<dTHhttp://www Oh+'0t  $ 0 < HT\dl' ssGerhard FischererhNormal Gerhard Fischer7rhMicrosoft Word 8.0d@"@ { @j@_|_.clarinetsys.com/site/products-page/EthIR-STAR/EthIR-STAR.htmxeQLhttp://www.space.com/businesstechnology/technology/nyc_mta_gps_000317.html)x(/N3http://www.rtd-denver.com/Wirelesss to design and develop a system based on PDA s, context-aware database server, and a web-based management tool, that facilitate the coordination of daily activities of this population. The major players would be: Parents and caretakers  helping them coordinate and manage this population daily activities (they are linked close with the  panic button ) People with disabilities  helping them cope with their special daily-life challenges so that they can become more independent Researchers  helping them better understand how effective those artifacts are in facilitating coordination in (physically) distributed environments; and the effectiveness of integrating not only different technologies, but different modes of collecting context-aware information as well as representing such information. Other Views How Things Are Cathy Bodine: Easter Seals had (has) a transportation grant to assist folks with cognitive disabilities. Lee Carter was in charge the last I heard (303) 233-1666. Honestly, I'm not sure how things ended up, but finding individuals who jumped on the wrong bus used to be quite an issue! Thinking about a potential 'tracking' feature might not be a bad idea. I also like the kiosk component. We've been working with some older adults who reside in nursing homes and assisted living facilities. Their biggest needs are enhanced font size for vision, with capability to adjust easily (see Bigshot software) and an ABC layout on the keyboard (Intellikeys is a favorite for many). A human factors friend of mine did some research a while back on ATM's and figured out that those over 55 prefer five or fewer functions (I think we talked about this at one point). Anja Kintsch: The  Cognizant Bus stop (see Appendix 2) will be part of a bigger system, at least in part working with a Visions like system in the home. It will be a  Mobile Prompting System which works similarly to the Visions system for people on the go. In this project, we need to be constantly providing feedback to users that they are doing things right (or wrong). The palm needs to indicate that yes, they are facing the right way before many users are going to be ready to receive the information regarding when or if the bus is coming. In addition this feedback, or any other information being given, needs to be provided in a variety of ways depending on the user (( personalization). Some of us are auditory people, others visual and other kinesthetic. We prefer different ways of processing information and are better with certain types of "input" than others. This is even more the case with people with cognitive delays. While their eyes or ears may "work," their mode for accessing information may be limited. Often parents/teachers ask if a child is blind or deaf because they don't seem to pay attention to certain stimuli. For example I have worked with students who are somewhat verbal, imitate songs, show that they understand a lot, but are completely unable to use pictures to communicate or learn from. Others can use pictures to develop a story or user pictures to communicate, but can't get anything from a story being read to them orunderstand what is begin asked with them. For students like this we use sign language and pictures to tell them what we want them to know. 2 (  GPS Systems  Big Apple's Buildings Block Bus-Tracking Satellites ( Here is an excerpt from a web site: "Imagine standing at a bus stop and it [is] telling you when the next bus is coming. Right now, unless you can see a bus it's total uncertainty." -- Beverly Dolinsky, director of the Citizens Advisory Committee to New York City Transit ( HYPERLINK http://www.space.com/businesstechnology/technology/nyc_mta_gps_000317.html) http://www.space.com/businesstechnology/technology/nyc_mta_gps_000317.html) Jim Rebman  I found this product which we should look into for developing a prototype of the intelligent bus stop. It looks very flexible supports many platforms and uses the standard OBEX protocol. This device could potentially be used within a house for uploading a person's personal prompting sequences to their hand-held. In fact, with its standard ethernet connectivity, the potential for remote administration is also very attractive. One could even take this whole concept further and dispense with the stationary, in-house prompting system in favor of a full-time, portable unit instead -- one device for the person to learn, easily maintained (or simply replaced), easily upgradeable as new technology becomes available without having to trash a large investment... many more benefits... and at $695, I think it is pretty affordable. I would love to get my hands on this and see what it can do!  HYPERLINK http://www.clarinetsys.com/site/products-page/EthIR-STAR/EthIR-STAR.htm http://www.clarinetsys.com/site/products-page/EthIR-STAR/EthIR-STAR.htm 5 "&/ =!"#$%|HH(FG(HH(d'`s ljbjb kk-]$$$$$$ '''8'~(<&n*Dn6^T,)*h%$$$f)Ĭ$$8$$$$D$$:),=ݶ<'> CLever: Building Cognitive Levers to help people help themselvesAn L3D Project funded by the Coleman Family Foundation Mobility for All: A Socio-Technical Design of Human-Centered Public Transportation Systems Gerhard Fischer, Ernie Arias, Leo Burd, Stefan Carmien, Hal Eden A Research Project of the CLever Project Remark: Intelligent Bus Stops The Problem Statement Cities are difficult places for people with disabilities. Wheelchair users have difficulties with stairs and narrow doorways. Deaf people cannot hear the sounds of traffic, nor can they hear public announcements. The Blind community has enormous problems with mobility, being unable to drive a car. People with cognitive disabilities have perhaps the greatest challenges of all- challenges that intersect with practically every aspect of their urban lives. Public transportation helps to ease many of the difficulties, but typically does not do so in the most pleasant or efficient way possible. Disabled riders have a number of different problems with public transit. Wheelchairs have trouble boarding busses. Blind people often cannot tell which bus they should get on at all. And cognitively disabled people may become lost, or be unable to determine how they should best use the system available. Public transit really does not optimally serve the majority of fully abled people. For example, people who are visiting a city for the first time or who do not speak the local language (in essence also a form of cognitive disability) have problems using its transit system. analogy: pedestrian areas (  Design Approach for Intelligent Bus Stop socio-technical environment: how things are ( how things could/should be How things are: understanding the current situation (collaboration with Faye Byrd) Faye and her colleagues. Fay is a specialist in transitioning cognitively handicapped persons from high school to independent living Contact and interview Fay(?), the person who was mentioned in our meeting who prepared cognitively handicapped high schoolers for the real world Interview and shadow members of target population (possible contact is BJ from the assisted living center that demoed Visions for us) how things could/should be ( technology-enriched environments including: personal digital assistants, GPS, wireless communication, smart bus stops, smart buses, computational support for bus drivers Built it and noone comes as the "Intelligent Busstop" document articulates, this project must identify and work with users and their representatives. more than once, we have experienced the frustrations and breakdowns associated with building technologies and THEN trying to elist users (who we think should see our technologies as the answer to their problems). i claim that the energy and sense of purpose that come from working from the user's problems FIRST (and thus engaging them as first-class, informed participants) are the most important factor in making this project succeed. Come up with small bounded task/situations that could constituteRRRRRR S&SJSSSSU@V W0W@WBWDWtWvWxW~__```Zefepfffg&g,ghh$j&jj:lLllppbsdsssxtttt`uu ||^|`|b|||D|~ j#U0Jj"U jUB* H*CJ6 j j565nH OJPJQJnH j6CJOJQJUmH jUmHDLlNtPtt`uux{J^ƪīH8@ & F" h & F8 h8 z|FHܦةƪīګ8T~$TVz|*,. "$&j(Ujj&U j65mH0JmHj$U jU0J>_ / =!"#$%|HH(FG(HH(d'`1 Jim Sullivan: Rogerio dePaula: This project will primarily focus on the interaction between parents & caretakers and people with cognitive disability. The goal of the project i:\^Z<Xtttttttu$u8u^u`uuuuuuuuwBwDwzzzx{ |||$|\|^|`|b||||FDJ  c |~ z| 4FHXZ^l,,T,,,, GTimes New Roman5Symbol3 ArialM M GillSansPalatino;WingdingsCComic Sans MS3Times9Palatino;Helvetica? Courier New"qhWSƀSFʊS|_SZ>4dg|'") Gerhard FischerGerhard Fischer_Toc509716655}DyK _Toc509716656}DyK _Toc509716657}DyK _Toc509716658}DyK _Toc509716659}DyK _Toc509716660}DyK _Toc509716661}DyK _Toc509716662}DyK _Toc509716663}DyK _Toc509716664}DyK _Toc509716665}DyK _Toc509716666}DyK _Toc509716667}DyK _Toc509716668}DyK _Toc509716673}DyK _Toc509716674K _Toc509715195}DyK _Toc509715196}DyK _Toc509715197}DyK _Toc509715198}DyK _Toc509715281}DyK _Toc509715282DyK http://www.ablelinktech.com/yK :http://www.ablelinktech.com/]DyK 9http://www.ed.gov/offices/OERI/SBIR/ph198t07.html#assistyK dhttp://www.ed.gov/offices/OERI/SBIR/ph198t07.htmlassistDyK Dhttp://www.ed.gov/offices/OERI/SBIR/FY99/phase2/phii99ablelink.htmlyK http://www.ed.gov/offices/OERI/SBIR/FY99/phase2/phii99ablelink.htmlDyK Lhttp://www.space.com/businesstechnology/technology/nyc_mta_gps_000317.html)yK http://www.space.com/businesstechnology/technology/nyc_mta_gps_000317.html)DyK Hhttp://www.clarinetsys.com/site/products-page/EthIR-STAR/EthIR-STAR.htmyK http://www.clarinetsys.com/site/products-page/EthIR-STAR/EthIR-STAR.htm}DyK  FMicrosoft Word DocumentNB6WWord.Document.8 ՜.+,D՜.+,P  hp  '&Center for LifeLong Learning & DesigntZSg  Title 8@ _PID_HLINKS'AHNPGdiagrams:logo.gif2]Dhttp://www.ed.gov/offices/OERI/SBIR/FY99/phase2/phii99ablelink.htmlx%lZ2http://www.ed.gov/offices/OERI/SBIR/ph198t07.htmlassist]VWhttp://www.ablelinktech.com/x<dTHhttp://www Oh+'0t  $ 0 < HT\dl' ssGerhard FischererhNormal Gerhard Fischer8rhMicrosoft Word 8.0d@9"@ { @j@(2_|_.clarinetsys.com/site/products-page/EthIR-STAR/EthIR-STAR.htmxeQLhttp://www.space.com/businesstechnology/technology/nyc_mta_gps_000317.html)x(/N3http://www.rtd-denver.com/Wireless/Palm/index.htmlxkeK0http://www.rtd-denver.com/cgi-files/webstar.cgix<fHhttp://www.rtd-denver.com/x*+E(http://www.certec.lth.se/english/clock/x&6B(http://www.certec.lth.se/english/Isaac/xT]?http://www.talkingsigns.com/xN<"http://www.itsa.org/whatitsa.htmlxre  Understanding the Current Situation  PAGEREF _Toc509716657 \h 4 How things could/should be  Envisioning the Future  PAGEREF _Toc509716658 \h 6 Collaborations  PAGEREF _Toc509716659 \h 6 Design Phases  PAGEREF _Toc509716660 \h 7 Challenges  PAGEREF _Toc509716661 \h 8 A Social Challenge: Changing Mindset and Cultures  PAGEREF _Toc509716662 \h 8 A Technical Challenge: Exploiting the Power of Computation  PAGEREF _Toc509716663 \h 8 Appendix 1:  How Things Are  Interview with Jim Rebman (Blind Person)  PAGEREF _Toc509716664 \h 10 Appendix 2:  How Things Could Be  Scenario  Cognizant Bus Stop (Stefan Carmien)  PAGEREF _Toc509716665 \h 12 Appendix 3: What is out there  Some External Links  PAGEREF _Toc509716666 \h 15 Appendix 4: Design Projects of CommArts, Inc. in Urban Transit  PAGEREF _Toc509716667 \h 16 Appendix 5: Dan Davies  Research related to Palmtop Prompting System from AbleLink  PAGEREF _Toc509716668 \h 17  TOC \c "Figure" Figure 1: Human-Centered Public Transportation Systems  Envisioning an Intelligent Bus Stop  PAGEREF _Toc509716673 \h 4 Figure 2: A Personalized Map  PAGEREF _Toc509716674 \h 9 2 "$RT02468XZ  @BDFHfhj-UmHj-UmHj,UmHj,UmHj+UmHj+UmHB* mHj*UmHB*mHj!*UmH jUmHmH>68lnptv TVX\^rtHJLNPRj0UmHjz0UmHCJ jCJUj56Uj/UmHj/UmHj/UmHj.UmHB* mHj .UmH jUmHB*mHmH;RTVX0JmHjCJOJQJUs |jbjb kk-]$$$$$$ '''8'(<,'nBDRP3555555,)+ha%$a|$$~)Ĭ|||$$38$$$$3|.|I$$3R),H=ݶ<'x> CLever: Building Cognitive Levers to help people help themselvesAn L3D Project funded by the Coleman Family Foundation Mobility for All: A Socio-Technical Design of Human-Centered Public Transportation Systems Gerhard Fischer, Ernie Arias, Leo Burd, Stefan Carmien, Hal Eden A Research Project of the CLever Project Remark: Intelligent Bus Stops The Problem Statement Cities are difficult places for people with disabilities. Wheelchair users have difficulties with stairs and narrow doorways. Deaf people cannot hear the sounds of traffic, nor can they hear public announcements. The Blind community has enormous problems with mobility, being unable to drive a car. People with cognitive disabilities have perhaps the greatest challenges of all- challenges that intersect with practically every aspect of their urban lives. Public transportation helps to ease many of the difficulties, but typically does not do so in the most pleasant or efficient way possible. Disabled riders have a number of different problems with public transit. Wheelchairs have trouble boarding busses. Blind people often cannot tell which bus they should get on at all. And cognitively disabled people may become lost, or be unable to determine how they should best use the system available. Public transit really does not optimally serve the majority of fully abled people. For example, people who are visiting a city for the first time or who do not speak the local language (in essence also a form of cognitive disability) have problems using its transit system. analogy: pedestrian areas (  Design Approach for Intelligent Bus Stop socio-technical environment: how things are ( how things could/should be How things are: understanding the current situation (collaboration with Faye Byrd) Faye and her colleagues. Fay is a specialist in transitioning cognitively handicapped persons from high school to independent living Contact and interview Fay(?), the person who was mentioned in our meeting who prepared cognitively handicapped high schoolers for the real world Interview and shadow members of target population (possible contact is BJ from the assisted living center that demoed Visions for us) how things could/should be ( technology-enriched environments including: personal digital assistants, GPS, wireless communication, smart bus stops, smart buses, computational support for bus drivers Built it and noone comes as the "Intelligent Busstop" document articulates, this project must identify and work with users and their representatives. more than once, we have experienced the frustrations and breakdowns associated with building technologies and THEN trying to elist users (who we think should see our technologies as the answer to their problems). i claim that the energy and sense of purpose that come from working from the user's problems FIRST (and thus engaging them as first-class, informed participants) are the most important factor in making this project succeed. Come up with small bounded task/situations that could constituteRRRRRR S&SJSSSSU@V W0W@WBWDWtWvWxW~__```Zefepfffg&g,ghh$j&jj:lLllppbsdsssxtttt`uu ||^|`|b|||D|~ j#U0Jj"U jUB* H*CJ6 j j565nH OJPJQJnH j6CJOJQJUmH jUmHDLlNtPtt`uux{J^ƪīH8@ & F" h & F8 h8 z|FHܦةƪīګ8T~$TVz|*,. "$& 賽j)UmH jUmH56j56Uj(Ujj&U j65mH0JmHj$U jU0JF/ =!"#$%|HH(FG(HH(d'`1 Jim Sullivan: Rogerio dePaula: This project will primarily focus on the interaction between parents & caretakers and people with cognitive disability. The goal of the project is to design and develop a system based on PDA s, context-aware database server, and a web-based management tool, that facilitate the coordination of daily activities of this population. The major players would be: Parents and caretakers  helping them coordinate and manage this population daily activities (they are linked close with the  panic button ) People with disabilities  helping them cope with their special daily-life challenges so that they can become more independent Researchers  helping them better understand how effective those artifacts are in facilitating coordination in (physically) distributed environments; and the effectiveness of integrating not only different technologies, but different modes of collecting context-aware information as well as representing such information. Other Views How Things Are Cathy Bodine: Easter Seals had (has) a transportation grant to assist folks with cognitive disabilities. Lee Carter was in charge the last I heard (303) 233-1666. Honestly, I'm not sure how t